Abstract: An Ultra High Purity (UHP) carbon dioxide purification system and a method for purification of UHP carbon dioxide is disclosed. The purification system includes supported nickel oxide and supported palladium oxide. An upper portion of the purification system is at least partially filled with supported nickel oxide, and a lower portion of the purification system is at least partially filled with supported palladium oxide. The upper and lower portions of the purification system have a physical separation but are in fluid communication. The method includes purification or pre-purification of High Purity (HP) carbon dioxide to Ultra High Purity (UHP) levels including feeding carbon dioxide of High Purity grade or better to an Ultra High Purity carbon dioxide purification system.

Abstract: A nitrous oxide room temperature purification method, apparatus and system utilizing at least partially oxidized nickel. In an embodiment, a room temperature regenerable N2O purifier includes a vessel having an inlet and outlet, an active portion being at least partially filled with a purification material comprising nickel oxide and optional elemental nickel, wherein the weight ratio between the nickel oxide and the optional elemental nickel is equal or higher than 3 and the surface area of the nickel oxide and the optional elemental nickel is equal or higher than 50 m2/g.

Abstract: An Ultra High Purity (UHP) carbon dioxide purification system and a method for purification of UHP carbon dioxide is disclosed. The purification system includes supported nickel oxide and supported palladium oxide. An upper portion of the purification system is at least partially filled with supported nickel oxide, and a lower portion of the purification system is at least partially filled with supported palladium oxide. The upper and lower portions of the purification system have a physical separation but are in fluid communication. The method includes purification or pre-purification of High Purity (HP) carbon dioxide to Ultra High Purity (UHP) levels including feeding carbon dioxide of High Purity grade or better to an Ultra High Purity carbon dioxide purification system.

Abstract: A nitrous oxide room temperature purification method, apparatus and system utilizing at least partially oxidized nickel. In an embodiment, a room temperature regenerable N2O purifier includes a vessel having an inlet and outlet, an active portion being at least partially filled with a purification material comprising nickel oxide and optional elemental nickel, wherein the weight ratio between the nickel oxide and the optional elemental nickel is equal or higher than 3 and the surface area of the nickel oxide and the optional elemental nickel is equal or higher than 50 m2/g.

Abstract: An apparatus for recycling exhaust gas includes a vessel containing a reversible ammonia sorber material which is exothermic when sorbing (“loading”) ammonia and which is endothermic when releasing (“unloading”) ammonia. A first valve selectively couples a source of exhaust gas including ammonia to a first port of the vessel, a second valve selectively couples a vacuum pump to the vessel, and a third valve selectively coupling a second port of the vessel to an output. A controller opens and closes the first valve, the second valve and the third valve to implement a loading phase, an intermediate venting phase and an unloading phase for the vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus for recycling exhaust gas includes a vessel containing a reversible ammonia sorber material which is exothermic when sorbing (“loading”) ammonia and which is endothermic when releasing (“unloading”) ammonia. A first valve selectively couples a source of exhaust gas including ammonia to a first port of the vessel, a second valve selectively couples a vacuum pump to the vessel, and a third valve selectively coupling a second port of the vessel to an output. A controller opens and closes the first valve, the second valve and the third valve to implement a loading phase, an intermediate venting phase and an unloading phase for the vessel.

Abstract: A fumes treatment system is provided for exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, for example. The system includes a housing inside which a series of elements are provided for intercepting the flow of fumes. The elements are such that they do not completely take up the internal cross-section of the housing and are provided with or leave such discontinuities as to create a tortuous path for the fumes to be treated.

Abstract: A method is provided for the quantitative analysis of the contents, in nitrogen, of hydrogen and methane by ionic mobility spectrometry. The method includes the steps of: a) performing a measurement of the apparent hydrogen concentration in the nitrogen to be analyzed; b) performing a measurement of the apparent hydrogen concentration in a flow of the same sample of nitrogen, purified of all impurities but methane; and c) comparing the two measurements. A system of branched lines is also provided for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A method for carrying out analyses of a gas comprising one or more species Si, Sj, . . . , Sn by using of ion mobility spectrometry includes in carrying out two subsequent analyses in different conditions and comparing the results of these two analyses. The different conditions in the two analyses are such as to modify either the residence time of the ions corresponding to the species in the reaction zone or in the drift zone of the ion mobility spectrometer, or, selectively, the concentration of at least one of these ions.

Abstract: A method for the quantitative analysis of the impurities content in nitrogen, hydrogen or oxygen by means of ion mobility spectrometry is described. The method involves using pure argon or a mixture, having no impurities, containing argon and the gas to be analyzed, as a counterflow gas in the separation zone of the ion mobility spectrometer.

Abstract: A method for removing oxygen from ammonia at low temperature is described. In one embodiment, oxygen contaminated ammonia is contacted with a getter material that includes iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen to yield ammonia that is substantially oxygen free. In one embodiment, the process of contacting ammonia with the getter material takes place at about 25° C. In another embodiment the weight ratio between iron and manganese is about 7:1. In another embodiment, the getter material is dispersed on an inert support of specific surface greater than 100 m2/g. In one embodiment, impure ammonia is contacted with getter material including iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen and with a drying agent that absorbs water to yield deoxygenated anhydrous ammonia. In yet another embodiment, an apparatus consisting of a gas inlet, gas purification chamber and gas outlet that deoxygenates ammonia when charged with getter material that includes iron and manganese is described.

Abstract: A method for carrying out analyses of a gas comprising one or more species Si, Sj, . . . , Sn by using of ion mobility spectrometry includes in carrying out two subsequent analyses in different conditions and comparing the results of these two analyses. The different conditions in the two analyses are such as to modify either the residence time of the ions corresponding to the species in the reaction zone or in the drift zone of the ion mobility spectrometer, or, selectively, the concentration of at least one of these ions.

Abstract: A method is provided for measuring by ionization mobility spectrometry (IMS) relatively high concentrations of water in argon, hydrogen, nitrogen and/or helium, including the following steps: (a) introducing the gas to be analyzed into an IMS instrument with a counter-flow of pure gas; (b) obtaining a signal variable over time and proportional to the number of ions detected by an ion detector of the IMS instrument; (c) determining two time intervals (A, B) corresponding to the drift times in the IMS instrument of the H3O+ and (H2O)2+ ions; (d) obtaining the peaks of the signal in the two determined time intervals (A, B); and (e) calculating the water concentration in the gas to be analyzed according to the ratio between the intensity of the two peaks obtained in the signal.

Abstract: A method for removing oxygen from ammonia at low temperature is described. In one embodiment, oxygen contaminated ammonia is contacted with a getter material that includes iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen to yield ammonia that is substantially oxygen free. In one embodiment, the process of contacting ammonia with the getter material takes place at about 25° C. In another embodiment the weight ratio between iron and manganese is about 7:1. In another embodiment, the getter material is dispersed on an inert support of specific surface greater than 100 m2/g. In one embodiment, impure ammonia is contacted with getter material including iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen and with a drying agent that absorbs water to yield deoxygenated anhydrous ammonia. In yet another embodiment, an apparatus consisting of a gas inlet, gas purification chamber and gas outlet that deoxygenates ammonia when charged with getter material that includes iron and manganese is described.

Abstract: A process for the purification of organometallic compounds or heteroatomic organic compounds from oxygen, water and from the compounds deriving from the reaction of water and oxygen with the organometallic or heteroatomic compounds whose purification is sought, comprising the operation of contacting the organometallic or heteroatomic compound to be purified in the liquid state or in form of vapor, pure or in a carrier gas, with a hydrogenated getter alloy, and optionally also with one or more gas sorber materials selected among palladium on porous supports and a mixture of iron and manganese supported on zeolites.

Abstract: A method for removing oxygen from ammonia at low temperature is described. In one embodiment, oxygen contaminated ammonia is contacted with a getter material that includes iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen to yield ammonia that is substantially oxygen free. In one embodiment, the process of contacting ammonia with the getter material takes place at about 25° C. In another embodiment the weight ratio between iron and manganese is about 7:1. In another embodiment, the getter material is dispersed on an inert support of specific surface greater than 100 m2/g. In one embodiment, impure ammonia is contacted with getter material including iron and manganese that sorbs oxygen and with a drying agent that absorbs water to yield deoxygenated anhydrous ammonia. In yet another embodiment, an apparatus consisting of a gas inlet, gas purification chamber and gas outlet that deoxygenates ammonia when charged with getter material that includes iron and manganese is described.

Abstract: A method is provided for the quantitative analysis by ion mobility spectrometry of the concentration of carbon monoxide, methane and higher hydrocarbon species in an oxygen stream. The method includes converting these species present in the oxygen stream into carbon dioxide, measuring the concentration of the carbon dioxide, and deducing from this measurement the initial concentration of the oxidizable species.

Abstract: A method for measuring by means of ionization mobility spectrometry relatively high concentrations of water in argon, hydrogen, nitrogen and helium, characterized by comprising the followings operative steps:

Abstract: A method for carrying out nitrogen analysis by ionization mobility spectroscopy at concentrations of few parts per billion (ppb) in argon is described. The method involves the addition of hydrogen in concentration of at least 5 ppb and lower than 100 parts per million (ppm) to the argon to be analyzed; the hydrogen addition step may be preceded by a purification operation of the argon flow to reduce the total concentration of impurities other than nitrogen to under 1 ppb.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the quantitative analysis of the contents, in nitrogen, of hydrogen and methane by means of ionic mobility spectrometry, consisting of a) performing a measurement of the apparent hydrogen concentration in the nitrogen under examination; b) performing a measurement of the apparent hydrogen concentration in a flow of the same sample of nitrogen, purified from all impurities but methane; and c) comparing the two measures. A system is also disclosed for carrying out the method.