Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for changing from the idle operating state of an electric motor (5) having three phase terminals (5-1, 5-2, 5-3) to a short-circuit operating state. Thereby significant voltage rises are avoided. For this purpose, after receiving (120) a request for changing of the operating state of the electric motor (5) to the short-circuit operating state, three switching elements (1-1, 1-2, 1-3) are closed. Thereby the switching elements (1-1, 1-2, 1-3) are at least partially closed successively and the times of closing the individual switching elements are predetermined as a function of control parameters of the electric motor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for changing from the idle operating state of an electric motor (5) having three phase terminals (5-1, 5-2, 5-3) to a short-circuit operating state. Thereby significant voltage rises are avoided. For this purpose, after receiving (120) a request for changing of the operating state of the electric motor (5) to the short-circuit operating state, three switching elements (1-1, 1-2, 1-3) are closed. Thereby the switching elements (1-1, 1-2, 1-3) are at least partially closed successively and the times of closing the individual switching elements are predetermined as a function of control parameters of the electric motor.

Abstract: An electronic control device for a starter-generator or a starter for an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle has a control and a circuit configuration that includes a pulse-controlled inverter. The control device includes the pulse-controlled inverter, the corresponding control, and a DC/DC converter in one structural unit.

Abstract: An onboard network for a vehicle having a start-stop system includes a central module having a control unit SG and switch elements, the central module including terminals port A, port B, port C, port D, port E, and port F for the connection of further components of the onboard network. A generator of the onboard network is connected to a first terminal port A, a starter is connected to a second terminal port B, at least one energy storage is connected to a third terminal port C, a further energy storage is connected to a fourth terminal port D, and electrical consumers of the onboard network are connected to the fifth terminal port E.

Abstract: With a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine having a hollow valve shaft (1) and valve disk (7), wherein the valve disk (7) has a valve tray (5) and a valve cone (6) connected to the outer edge thereof, whereby the valve cone (6) tapers with an increase in distance from the valve tray (5); the hollow valve shaft (1), passing completely through the space surrounded by the valve cone (6), is fixedly connected to the valve tray (5) at one end and at the other end is fixedly connected to the tapering end of the valve cone (6); the valve shaft (1) has parts telescoping into one another, namely a lower shaft part (3) facing the valve tray (5) and an upper shaft part (2) connected thereto, whereby the lower shaft part (3) engages in a form-fitting manner in the upper shaft part (2); and the upper shaft part (2) and the lower shaft part (3) are joined in a shaft connecting area (4), in particular by being welded together; coke deposits in the areas of the valve facing away from the combustion chamber, s

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas exchange valve for an internal combustion engine, in each case comprising in particular a hollow valve stem (3) and valve head, in which the valve head comprises a valve bottom and a hollow valve keeper, connected to the external margin of the valve bottom, wherein the valve keeper tapers off as the distance from the bottom increases; the valve stem passes through the hollow valve keeper and is firmly connected to the valve bottom on the one hand, and to the tapering-off end of the valve keeper on the other hand; and the end of the valve stem which is connected to the valve bottom protrudes beyond the connection plane between the valve keeper and the valve bottom, is to be improved in relation to its stability and fatigue strength.

Abstract: With a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine having a hollow valve shaft (1) and valve disk (7), wherein the valve disk (7) consists of a valve tray (5) and a valve cone (6) connected to the outer edge thereof, whereby the valve cone (6) tapers with an increase in distance from the valve tray (5), the hollow valve shaft (1), passing completely through the space surrounded by the valve cone (6), is fixedly connected to the valve tray (5) at one end and at the other end is fixedly connected to the tapering end of the valve (6), the valve shaft (1) consists of parts telescoping into one another, namely a lower shaft part (3) facing the valve tray (5) and an upper shaft part (2) connected thereto, whereby the lower shaft part (3) engages in a form-fitting manner in the upper shaft part (2), and the upper shaft part (2) and the lower shaft part (3) are joined in a shaft connecting area (4), in particular by being welded together, coke deposits in the areas of the valve facing away from the comb

Abstract: A gas shuttle valve is for an internal combustion engine, in which a valve plate, as a sealing element, a tubular valve shaft, as a guide element, and a thrust part, which seals the end of the valve shaft opposite to the valve cone, as a stop for a valve operating element having a support for a typical valve spring, are welded to one another. This production method is distinguished by a precisely fitted assembling of these parts to a predetermined length measure, which precedes the permanent bonding of the valve shaft and thrust part.

Abstract: A gas shuttle valve of an internal combustion engine, in which a valve plate, as a sealing element, a tubular valve shaft, as a guide element, and a thrust part, which seals the end of the valve shaft opposite to the valve cone, as a stop for a valve operating element having a support for a typical valve spring, are welded to one another, is to be produced economically, i.e., cost-effectively, while nonetheless having high finished quality.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a device for opening and closing a valve of an internal combustion engine. The aim of the invention is to reduce the energy required for opening and closing a valve of an internal combustion engine, especially one that is provided with an electromagnetic valve control. To this end, the kinetic energy of the valve is transferred to a mass and temporarily stored in a mass.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hollow-stem valve for an internal combustion engine. The valve has a ratio of wall thickness to stem diameter of less than 1:3. The aim of the invention is to minimize the deformation of the valve head. To this end, the valve disk rests directly against the stem.

Abstract: There is a connection between on the one hand an electrical power lead made as a metal-clad cable with at least one electrical inner conductor electrically insulated from the metal shroud by a mineral and on the other a device to be electrically connected thereto, especially an electrically heatable catalytic converter, the inner conductor and the device being connected to one another via a detachable terminal connection, one part of which being located on the device and its other part being provided on the free end of the power lead.