Abstract: A tin-based alloy consists essentially of: (i) matrix components comprising two or more of Ag, Cu, Sb, Bi, Pb, In, Zn, Cd, Ga, Au, Ge, Si, P, Al, each matrix component being present in an amount 0.01-6.0 wt %; (ii) a transition metal active component comprising one or more of Cr, Ni, Ti, Co, Fe, Mn, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W, the total amount of all said transition metal active components being more than 1.0 wt % and not more than 10 wt %; (iii) C present in an amount 0.01-1.0 wt %, and (iv) balance Sn and incidental impurities. Preferred compositions include Sn—(Ag, Cu, Sb, Bi, Pb)—(Cr, Ni)—C. The alloy is of use for soldering carbon-based materials such as carbon nanotubes.