Abstract: A probe for use in a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood having a cannula adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient. The cannula has a length so that when the distal extremity is in the vessel of the patient the proximal extremity is accessible outside of the patient. A gas sensor assembly is carried within the distal extremity of the cannula for determining gas characteristics of the blood in the vessel. A pressure sensor is carried within the distal extremity of the cannula for determining the pressure of the blood in the vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood. The apparatus includes a display module and a probe having a distal extremity adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient and having a proximal extremity coupled to the display module. The probe includes a sensor in the distal extremity for providing an electrical signal to the display module when the probe is disposed in the blood. The probe can have an antithrombogenic surface treatment for inhibiting the adhesion of blood components to the probe when disposed in the blood.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood. The apparatus includes a display module and a probe having a distal extremity adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient and having a proximal extremity coupled to the display module. The probe includes a sensor in the distal extremity for providing an electrical signal to the display module when the probe is disposed in the blood. The probe can have an antithrombogenic surface treatment for inhibiting the adhesion of blood components to the probe when disposed in the blood.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood. The apparatus includes a display module and a probe having a distal extremity adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient and having a proximal extremity coupled to the display module. The probe includes a sensor in the distal extremity for providing an electrical signal to the display module when the probe is disposed in the blood. The probe can have an antithrombogenic surface treatment for inhibiting the adhesion of blood components to the probe when disposed in the blood.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood. The apparatus includes a display module and a probe having a distal extremity adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient and having a proximal extremity coupled to the display module. The probe includes a sensor in the distal extremity for providing an electrical signal to the display module when the probe is disposed in the blood. The probe can have an antithrombogenic surface treatment for inhibiting the adhesion of blood components to the probe when disposed in the blood.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood. The apparatus includes a display module and a probe having a distal extremity adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient and having a proximal extremity coupled to the display module. The probe includes a sensor in the distal extremity for providing an electrical signal to the display module when the probe is disposed in the blood. The probe can have an antithrombogenic surface treatment for inhibiting the adhesion of blood components to the probe when disposed in the blood.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood. The apparatus includes a display module and a probe having a distal extremity adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient and having a proximal extremity coupled to the display module. The probe includes a sensor in the distal extremity for providing an electrical signal to the display module when the probe is disposed in the blood. The probe can have an antithrombogenic surface treatment for inhibiting the adhesion of blood components to the probe when disposed in the blood.

Abstract: Apparatus for ascertaining cardiac output of the heart of a patient comprising a control and display module. A venous probe is inserted into a vein in the forearm of the patient and is coupled into the control and display module and provides an electrical signal representing the dissolved oxygen in the venous blood. An arterial probe is inserted into an artery in the forearm of the patient and is coupled into the control and display module and provides an electrical output signal representing the dissolved oxygen in the arterial blood. The control and display module has a visible display that provides a continuous in vivo cardiac output that utilizes an arterial venous oxygen differential equation which includes an adjustment factor for adjusting for venous blood being sampled rather than mixed venous blood in the pulmonary artery of the patient.

Abstract: Apparatus for ascertaining cardiac output of the heart of a patient comprising a control and display module. A venous probe is inserted into a vein in the forearm of the patient and is coupled into the control and display module and provides an electrical signal representing the dissolved oxygen in the venous blood. An arterial probe is inserted into an artery in the forearm of the patient and is coupled into the control and display module and provides an electrical output signal representing the dissolved oxygen in the arterial blood. The control and display module has a visible display that provides a continuous in vivo cardiac output that utilizes an arterial venous oxygen differential equation which includes an adjustment factor for adjusting for venous blood being sampled rather than mixed venous blood in the pulmonary artery of the patient.