Abstract: In a bottom emission type light-emitting apparatus, a face of a substrate, which is opposite from a light-emitting device, is an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities. The mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by the light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength. The arithmetic mean slope ?a of the uneven surface is in a range between 3° and 20°, inclusive. Therefore, the apparatus substantially has higher extraction efficiency and a higher brightness in a specific direction.

Abstract: In a light-emitting apparatus, a face of a substrate on which a light-emitting device is formed is an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities. The mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by a light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength. The arithmetic mean slope ?a of the uneven surface is in a range between 4° and 30°, inclusive. Therefore, the apparatus emits substantially a greater amount of light from a light extraction side and has less brightness unevenness than a light-emitting apparatus with no uneven surface.

Abstract: After entering a transparent substrate 9 of an organic EL device and passing through this substrate 9, an outside light L1 further passes through a transparent layer 10, a transparent electrode 12, and an organic light emitting layer 13 to be reflected by a reflective electrode 14. Herein, the reflective electrode 14 has irregularities and therefore the outside light L1 is diffused and reflected by this at various angles. These reflected lights are further diffused when passing through a boundary between the organic light emitting layer 13 and the transparent electrode 12 and through an irregularity surface 11 of the transparent layer 10, and outgo from the transparent substrate 9 toward a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: In a light-emitting apparatus, a face of a substrate on which a light-emitting device is formed is an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities. The mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by a light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength. The arithmetic mean slope ?a of the uneven surface is in a range between 4° and 30°, inclusive. Therefore, the apparatus emits substantially a greater amount of light from a light extraction side and has less brightness unevenness than a light-emitting apparatus with no uneven surface.

Abstract: In a bottom emission type light-emitting apparatus, a face of a substrate, which is opposite from a light-emitting device, is an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities. The mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by the light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength. The arithmetic mean slope ?a of the uneven surface is in a range between 3° and 20°, inclusive. Therefore, the apparatus substantially has higher extraction efficiency and a higher brightness in a specific direction.

Abstract: In a bottom emission type light-emitting apparatus, a face of a substrate, which is opposite from a light-emitting device, is an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities. The mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by the light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength. The arithmetic mean slope ?a of the uneven surface is in a range between 3° and 20°, inclusive. Therefore, the apparatus substantially has higher extraction efficiency and a higher brightness in a specific direction.

Abstract: A mirror with lighting system includes a plurality of organic electroluminescent elements arranged adjacent to one another. A light emission switching device selects one of a full light emission state where all the organic electroluminescent elements emit light, a partial light emission state where some of the organic electroluminescent elements emit light, and a non-light emission state where all the organic electroluminescent elements do not emit light. Therefore, the mirror with lighting system has great light intensity without an external lighting when being used as a lighting system as compared to when being used as a mirror, and permits the entire surface to be used as a mirror when the environment is bright.

Abstract: In a bottom emission type light-emitting apparatus, a face of a substrate, which is opposite from a light-emitting device, is an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities. The mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by the light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength. The arithmetic mean slope Aa of the uneven surface is in a range between 3° and 20°, inclusive. Therefore, the apparatus substantially has higher extraction efficiency and a higher brightness in a specific direction.

Abstract: In a light-emitting apparatus, a face of a substrate on which a light-emitting device is formed is an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities. The mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by a light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength. The arithmetic mean slope &Dgr;a of the uneven surface is in a range between 4° and 30°, inclusive. Therefore, the apparatus emits substantially a greater amount of light from a light extraction side and has less brightness unevenness than a light-emitting apparatus with no uneven surface.