Abstract: A method for maintenance of used permanent cathode plates, said used cathode plate having scratches, crud formations and oversize grain boundaries on a surface of the cathode plate. The method comprises removing of scratches and accumulated crud from the surface of the cathode plate. The method further comprises removing substantially completely the oversize grain boundaries from the surface, and thereafter regenerating the grain boundaries of the surface of the cathode plate to an average grain boundary width of 1 to 3 ?m and an average grain boundary depth less than 1 ?m.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for manufacturing a process apparatus for moving liquid in high temperature liquid immersion under aggressive chemical environment and dynamic stress, wherein the method comprises the step of lining the process apparatus formed of stainless steel with rubber, wherein the method further comprises the step of forming a passivation layer on a surface of the process apparatus in an acid bath prior to lining the process apparatus comprising the passivation layer with rubber. The invention also concerns a process apparatus.

Abstract: A method for maintenance of used permanent cathode plates, said used cathode plate having scratches, crud formations and oversize grain boundaries on a surface of the cathode plate. The method comprises removing of scratches and accumulated crud from the surface of the cathode plate. The method further comprises removing substantially completely the oversize grain boundaries from the surface, and thereafter regenerating the grain boundaries of the surface of the cathode plate to an average grain boundary width of 1 to 3 ?m and an average grain boundary depth less than 1 ?m.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling element for a pyrometallurgical furnace such as for a flash smelting furnace or for a flash converting furnace or for a suspension smelting furnace. The invention relates also to a method for manufacturing a cooling element for a pyrometallurgical furnace such as for a flash smelting furnace or for a flash converting furnace or for a suspension smelting furnace. The cooling element (2) has a fire surface (2) to be in contact with an interior of the metallurgical furnace. The cooling element comprises a base element (4) containing copper and a coating (5) at least partly covering the base element (4). The coating (4) forms the fire surface (2) of the cooling element (1). The coating (5) is at least partly applied by a laser coating process such as laser deposition, and the coating (5) contains a Ni based alloy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a permanent cathode (1) to be used as an electrode in the electrowinning of metals, including a permanent cathode plate (4) at least partially made of steel and providing the possibility of electrochemically depositing metal from an electrolytic solution onto its surface (6), in which case the dimensions of the grain boundaries (7) on the surface (6) of the permanent cathode plate (4) are arranged to be suitable for the adhesion of deposited metal on the surface and the stripping of metal from the surface at least in a part of the surface that is in contact with the electrolyte. The invention also relates to a method for treating the surface of a permanent cathode.

Abstract: A method for coating a construction material made of metal alloy with a functional metal. The functional metal is deposited electrolytically on the surface of the construction material selectively so that the deposition occurs on the grain boundaries of the construction material and other points of discontinuity. The invention also relates to a construction material product, which is selectively coated with a functional metal.