Abstract: The projection type display apparatus has liquid crystal panels with polarizers, a light source, a power supply, and a ballast. A cooling device is arranged in the apparatus such that a first set of cooling fans blow cooling air to cool the liquid crystal panels and the polarizers, and a second set of cooling fans suck the cooling air passing through the liquid crystal panels and the polarizers and blow the cooling air to independently cool the light source, the power supply, and the ballast. Therefore, a projection type display apparatus with little light leakage and low noise can be realized. The invention also provides a cooling unit, for the light source, which includes a movable lamp house and a duct with a cooling fan.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, wherein light having an exposure energy is irradiated on the surface of a photo-sensitive resin layer having a predetermined film thickness, and a distribution of thermal deformation characteristics in the thickness direction (or the plane direction) of the photo-sensitive resin layer is formed, then heat treatment is performed to form random undulation (micro-grooves or micro-wrinkles) on the surface of the photo-sensitive resin layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a backlight having a discharge tube and a reflector. A heat conduction member is attached to the reflector in contact with the discharge tube, so that a part of the discharge tube is locally cooled by the heat conduction member. Liquid mercury is collected at a first position in the discharge tube, and the backlight is assembled so that the heat conduction member or other cooling device is located at the first position. Also, the display device includes an optical sheet having a diffusion portion having projections containing scattering material particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a projection type display using a transmission type liquid crystal light valve, and its object is to supply a projection type display capable of exhibiting a high quality gradation display by preventing a leak current at a switching device. The projection type display comprises three liquid crystal light valves 21R, 21G, and 21B which have polarizing plates 20Rp, 20Gp, and 20Bp, modulate in intensity and emit each light of color components of red, green, and blue, and a dichroic prism to synthesize exiting lights from respective light valves. The projection type display is structured to arrange half-wave plates 20Ri, and 20Gi between the liquid crystal light valves 21R, and 21G for red and green, to set a polarizing direction of an exiting light of a blue component orthogonal to polarizing directions of the other two exiting lights.

Abstract: The display device includes a spatial modulator having a plurality of pixels and a periodical structural body having condenser elements corresponding to the pixels of the spatial modulator. Each of the pixels of the spatial modulator includes a plurality of color dots arranged in a first direction. A length of a peripheral region of the respective pixel encircling the plurality of color dots, measured in the first direction, is longer than a length of the condenser element of the periodical structural body, measured in the first direction. In addition, combinations of the pixels in the square, delta or mosaic arrangement with the condenser elements in the square, delta or mosaic arrangement are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a backlight unit for liquid crystal displays, etc.; and its object is to provide a backlight unit not involving the problem that the emitted light leaks out of the optical waveguide, even when the space around the cold-cathode tubes in the light source unit for it is filled with a liquid of which the refractive index is nearly the same as that of the glass material that forms the outer wall of the cold-cathode tubes. The backlight unit comprises a housing 6 which houses cold-cathode tubes 2, 4 therein and of which the inner surface is coated with a light reflector 10; a transparent liquid filled in the housing 6; and an optical waveguide 1 made of a transparent substance and having a light-emitting surface S.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a projection type display using a transmission type liquid crystal light valve and its object is to provide a projection type display which does not reduce the reliability due to the change of the working environment. A projection type display of the present invention comprises liquid crystal light valves 4R, 4G and 4B arranged in a body which modulate and emit an incident light form the lamp 2, fans 10 and 12 for cooling the inside of the body, a temperature detecting element 30 for detecting the temperature in the vicinity of the liquid crystal light valve 4G and a control unit 8 for controlling rotational frequencies of the fans 10 and 12 and for controlling on/off of a power source 26 of the lamp 2 based on a compensated temperature after compensating the temperature detected by the temperature detecting element 30 by a predetermined temperature compensation value T0.

Abstract: A polarization device includes a reflection-type polarization element disposed at a side to which an optical beam comes in and an absorption-type polarization element disposed behind the reflection-type polarization element, wherein the reflection-type polarization element and the absorption-type polarization element are disposed such that a transmission axis of the reflection-type polarization element coincides with the transmission axis of the absorption-type polarization element. Further, an optical projector using such a polarization device is disclosed.

Abstract: A polarization device includes a reflection-type polarization element disposed at a side to which an optical beam comes in and an absorption-type polarization element disposed behind the reflection-type polarization element, wherein the reflection-type polarization element and the absorption-type polarization element are disposed such that a transmission axis of the reflection-type polarization element coincides with the transmission axis of the absorption-type polarization element. Further, an optical projector using such a polarization device is disclosed.

Abstract: A display device including a diffraction grating from which a diffracted light of the zeroth order and a diffracted light of the first order having different color light components emerge to establish color separation. An array of micro-lenses is arranged on a liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel has a plurality of picture elements and each picture element includes a plurality of color display dots. The color display dots in each picture element are arranged in the vertical relationship and in the order of wavelength of the light. A green light component of diffracted light of the first order is made incident normal to the liquid crystal panel, and the diffracted light of the zeroth order passes through the liquid crystal panel at a greater angle relative to the normal to the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A display device includes a reflective type polarizer, a light valve, an analyzer, a mirror, and a polarization rotating film. The polarizer allows a first polarized light to pass therethrough and a second polarized light to be reflected thereby. The second polarized light is then reflected to the polarizer by the mirror, and the vibrating plane of the second polarized light is rotated by the polarization rotating film, so that the second polarized light can pass through the polarizer. The polarizer is inclined to an optical axis of the device. The mirror is arranged near the light source. This principle is also applied to a projection type color display device. In addition, a polarized light source including a lamp, a reflector, a polarizer, a mirror, and a polarization rotating film is disclosed.

Abstract: Columnar prisms 22 to 24, cross sections of which are parallelograms, are arranged symmetrically on both sides of a columnar prism 21 whose cross section is an isosceles right triangle. The prisms are bonded to their adjacent prisms at polarization separation films D1 to D3 which are dielectric multilayer films. A reflective films is applied on the outermost surface of the outside prism 24. The polarization separation films D1 and D3, which are located in odd-numbered order from the prism 21, transmit incident p-polarized light and reflect incident s-polarized light, the polarization separation film D2 located in even numbered order from the prism 21 transmits the incident s-polarized light and reflects the incident p-polarized light. In order to achieve uniform polarization at the emission surface of a polarization separation/conversion device 20, a 1/2 wave plate C2 is applied on to the emission surfaces of the prisms 22 and 23.