Abstract: A process for enhancing the conversion of biomass into a bio-oil containing liquid feed wherein the processability index, PI, of the biomass is optimized prior to introducing the biomass into the biomass conversion unit where catalytic pyrolysis of the biomass occurs. The PI is dependent on the ratio (S/G) between the S-unit population and the G-unit population of the biomass as well as the weight percent acetate, the weight percent alkaline (Group I metals), the weight percent of non-metals in the biomass of Group 15, Group 16 and Group 17 elements, the weight percent of metalloids (Group 13 and Group 14 elements), the weight percent xylan and the weight percent of alkaline earth (Group II metals) in the biomass feedstream.

Abstract: A renewable fuel may be obtained from a bio-oil containing C3-C5 oxygenates. In a first step, the bio-oil is subjected to a condensation reaction in which the oxygenates undergo a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction to produce a stream containing C6+ oxygenates. In a second step, the stream is hydrotreated to produce C6+ hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A process and system for separating bio-gasoline, bio-diesel and bio-fuel oil fractions from a bio-oil, and for producing a renewable gasoline including at least in part the bio-gasoline fraction, is provided. The process comprises separating bio-oil into a bio-gasoline fraction and a heavy fraction based on their boiling points. At least a portion of the bio-gasoline fraction is directly blended with a petroleum-derived gasoline, without any prior hydrotreatment, to thereby provide a renewable gasoline composition.

Abstract: Liquid bio-fuels and processes for their production are provided. The liquid bio-fuels can have improved stability, less corrosiveness, and/or an improved heating value.

Abstract: A process to improve the processability of a bio-oil is provided. The disclosed process involves removing at least a portion of the carboxylic acids originally present in a bio-oil using a weak base anion exchange resin. Upon removing at least a portion of these carboxylic acids, the treated bio-oil contains a lower TAN value and is better suited for processing in existing refinery equipment.

Abstract: A process and system for separating a light fraction, a bio-distillate fraction, and a heavy fraction from a bio-oil, and for producing a renewable distillate including at least in part the bio-distillate fraction and a stabilizing additive, is provided. In addition, a process and system is provided for upgrading a bio-oil by use of a diluent and/or a recycle stream from the upgrading process to reduce fouling in upgrading equipment, such as a preheater and a hydrodeoxygenation unit.

Abstract: Renewable fuels are produced in commercial quantities and with enhanced efficiency by integrating a bio-oil production system with a conventional petroleum refinery so that the bio-oil is co-processed with a petroleum-derived stream in the refinery. The techniques used to integrate the bio-oil production system and conventional petroleum refineries are selected based on the quality of the bio-oil and the desired product slate from the refinery.

Abstract: More stable and valuable bio-oil produced from biomasses are provided. More specifically, more stable and valuable bio-oil useful as heating oil, alone or in combination with an oxygenated acyclic component, is provided. Particularly, various embodiments of the present invention provide for a bio-oil having sufficient heating value and stability to be useful as heating oil, alone or in combination with an oxygenated acyclic component, without the need to hydrotreat the bio-oil or use a similar deoxygenating process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process/system for the fractionation of bio-oil, produced from the thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass, into boiling point fractions. The fractionation of the bio-oil is performed using molecular distillation under conditions which minimize the thermal stress to the bio-oil and fractions obtained therefrom.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the alteration of the ratio of the specific gravities of the oil and water phases resulting from the conversion of biomass to liquid products, the reduction of the conductivity and of metals of the product mixture, which each can aid in the removal of solids contained in the oil phase.

Abstract: A renewable fuel may be obtained from a bio-oil containing C3-C5 oxygenates. In a first step, the bio-oil is subjected to a condensation reaction in which the oxygenates undergo a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction to produce a stream containing C6+ oxygenates. In a second step, the stream is hydrotreated to produce C6+ hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Fungible bio-oil compositions with enhanced processability are provided. A process to produce the fungible bio-oil composition is also provided that involves combining a biomass-derived liquid, at least one petroleum-derived composition, and, optionally, one or more additives in order to produce the fungible bio-oil composition.

Abstract: A renewable fuel may be obtained from a bio-oil containing C3-C5 oxygenates. In a first step, the bio-oil is subjected to a condensation reaction in which the oxygenates undergo a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction to produce a stream containing C6+ oxygenates. In a second step, the stream is hydrotreated to produce C6+ hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Solid biomass may be converted to hydrocarbons for use in renewable fuels uses by feeding biomass into a biomass conversion unit and pyrolyzing the biomass in the presence of a regenerated multi-functional catalyst. The regenerated multi-functional catalyst contains an acidic component, a basic component and a metallic component. The biomass is treated within the biomass conversion unit in at least two stages wherein at least one component of the regenerated multi-functional catalyst is fed into each of the stages.

Abstract: A process for enhancing the conversion of biomass into a bio-oil containing liquid feed wherein the processability index, PI, of the biomass is optimized prior to introducing the biomass into the biomass conversion unit where catalytic pyrolysis of the biomass occurs. The PI is dependent on the ratio (S/G) between the S-unit population and the G-unit population of the biomass as well as the weight percent acetate, the weight percent alkaline (Group I metals), the weight percent of non-metals in the biomass of Group 15, Group 16 and Group 17 elements, the weight percent of metalloids (Group 13 and Group 14 elements), the weight percent xylan and the weight percent of alkaline earth (Group II metals) in the biomass feedstream.

Abstract: A process and system for separating bio-gasoline, bio-diesel and bio-fuel oil fractions from a bio-oil, and for producing a renewable gasoline including at least in part the bio-gasoline fraction, is provided. The process comprises separating bio-oil into a bio-gasoline fraction and a heavy fraction based on their boiling points. At least a portion of the bio-gasoline fraction is directly blended with a petroleum-derived gasoline, without any prior hydrotreatment, to thereby provide a renewable gasoline composition.

Abstract: A multi-functional catalyst for the conversion of biomass contains zeolite ZSM-5, zeolite USY, a metallic component, a basic material and a binder. The metallic component may be Cu, Ni, Cr, W, Mo, a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal sulfide or a mixture thereof. The basic material may be an alkaline-exchanged zeolite or an alkaline earth-exchanged zeolite having from about 40 to about 75% of exchanged cationic sites.

Abstract: A process and system for separating bio-gasoline, bio-diesel and bio-fuel oil fractions from a bio-oil, and for producing a renewable gasoline including at least in part the bio-gasoline fraction, is provided. The process comprises separating bio-oil into a bio-gasoline fraction and a heavy fraction based on their boiling points. At least a portion of the bio-gasoline fraction is directly blended with a petroleum-derived gasoline, without any prior hydrotreatment, to thereby provide a renewable gasoline composition.

Abstract: A process and system for separating and upgrading bio-oil into renewable fuels is provided. The process comprises separating bio-oil into a light fraction and heavy fraction based on their boiling points. The heavy fraction is then subjected to hydrotreatment, while the light fraction is not subjected to hydrotreatment. At least a portion of the un-hydrotreated light fraction and at least a portion of the hydrotreated heavy fraction are blended with petroleum-derived gasoline to thereby provide a renewable gasoline, and at least a portion of the hydrotreated heavy fraction is blended with petroleum-derived diesel to thereby provide a renewable diesel.

Abstract: A process for producing renewable biofuels from biomass is provided wherein a bio-oil containing stream is hydrotreated in an integrated system which uses streams and components generated or obtained from the biomass treatment and conversion.