Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of promoting protective immunity and/or for preventing and/or treating bacterial or viral infections and/or for limiting immune mediated pathology following infection in an individual comprising delivering to the individual in need an effective unit dose form of reduced nicotinamide.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of prevention and/or treatment of pancreatic disease and/or conditions. In one embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention maintain or improve pancreatic tissue function. In another embodiment of the invention, compounds and compositions of the invention may be used in methods to prevent and/or treat pancreatic diseases and/or conditions such as: acute or chronic pancreatitis; pancreatitis associated with diabetes mellitus, cystic fibrosis, or exocrine pancreatic insufficiency or hereditary pancreatitis; pancreatic cancer; and/or recovery after pancreatic injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of prevention and/or treatment of cardiovascular disease and/or conditions. In one embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention maintain or improve cardiovascular tissue and cellular function. In another embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention enhance cardiovascular recovery after injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of prevention and/or treatment of neurological disease and/or conditions. In one embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention maintain or improve brain function, in particular brain energy deficits. In another embodiment of the invention, compounds and compositions of the invention improve neurological recovery and regeneration after injury or surgery. In another embodiment of the invention, compounds and compositions of the invention may be used in methods to prevent and/or treat neurological diseases and/or conditions and/or recovery after injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of prevention and/or treatment of lung disease and/or conditions. In one embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention improve the lung by maintaining or improving lung function. In another embodiment of the invention, the compounds and compositions of the invention improve lung recovery and regeneration after injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of prevention and/or treatment of liver disease and/or conditions. In one embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention improve liver by maintaining or improving liver function; maintaining or improving hepatocyte function; and improving liver recovery and regeneration after injury, transplantation or surgery. In another embodiment of the invention, compounds and compositions of the invention may be used in methods to prevent and/or treat liver diseases and/or conditions such as: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic steatosis, cirrhosis and/or recovery and regeneration after liver injury, transplantation or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of prevention and/or treatment of kidney diseases and conditions. In one embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention improve kidney function by reducing formation of kidney cysts, reducing glomerule dilatation, reducing renal cell apoptosis and preventing increases in blood urea nitrogen. In another embodiment of the invention, compounds and compositions of the invention may be used in methods to prevent and/or treat acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, nephrotic syndrome, renal fibrosis and kidney cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or dis- eases. The present invention also relates to compositions and methods that help to increase NAD+levels in skeletal muscle. Preferably, the present invention relates to compositions and methods that use trigonelline and minerals selected from the group consisting of: calcium, magnesium, sodium and/or potassium for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The recipient of the compositions of the invention can be, for example, an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia or an individual in need of the compositions and methods of the invention for recovery of skeletal muscles, for example, after exercise, muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: Compositions consist essentially of trigonelline or consist of trigonelline. The compositions can be used in food or beverage applications, pharmaceutical formulations, or as a dietary supplement. The compositions can be administered to a mammal to promote the increase of intracellular levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (“NAD+”) in cells and tissues for improving cell and tissue survival or overall cell and tissue health. Preferably, NAD+ biosynthesis is increased in one or more cells of a mammal, for example one or more cells that are part of at least one body part selected from the group consisting of a liver, a kidney, a brain, and a skeletal muscle.

Abstract: Compositions consist essentially of trigonelline or consist of trigonelline. The compositions can be used in food or beverage applications, pharmaceutical formulations, or as a dietary supplement. The compositions can be administered to a mammal to treat or prevent a mitochondria-related disease or a condition associated with altered mitochondrial function in an individual in need thereof or at risk thereof. The mitochondria-related disease or condition is selected from the group consisting of deleterious effects of aging, stress (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The present invention also relates to compositions and methods that help to increase levels of NAD+ in skeletal muscle. Preferably, the present invention relates to compositions and methods that use trigonelline, high protein and/or creatine and/or tryptophan for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The recipient of the compositions or methods of the invention can be, for example, an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia or an individual in need of the compositions and methods of the invention for recovery of skeletal muscles, for example, after exercise, muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The present invention also relates to compositions and methods that help to increase NAD+ levels in skeletal muscle. Preferably, the present invention relates to compositions and methods that use trigonelline and vitamins selected from the group consisting of: Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, B3, B6, B7, Vitamin C and/or Vitamin E for preventing or treating skeletal muscle conditions or diseases. The recipient of the compositions of the invention can be, for example, an elderly individual or an individual with sarcopenia or an individual in need of the compositions and methods of the invention for recovery of skeletal muscles, for example, after exercise, muscle injury or surgery.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and compositions containing reduced nicotinamide riboside for use in methods of prevention and/or treatment of skeletal muscle disease and/or conditions. In one embodiment of the invention, said compounds and compositions of the invention improve skeletal muscle by maintaining or improving muscle function; maintaining or increasing muscle mass; maintaining or improving muscle strength; and improving muscle recovery and regeneration after injury or surgery. In another embodiment of the invention, compounds and compositions of the invention may be used in methods to prevent and/or treat skeletal muscle diseases and/or conditions such as: cachexia or precachexia; sarcopenia, myopathy, dystrophy, and/or recovery after intense exercise, muscle injury or surgery.