Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for a low cost machine-type-communication (LC-MTC) wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to enhance coverage. An example method for physical broadcast channel (PBCH) enhancement includes receiving system information on an enhanced PBCH (ePBCH). The ePBCH is located in a set of radio frames which is a subset of available radio frames, where the subset includes fewer than all the available radio frames. The ePBCH is received in at least one radio frame of the set of radio frames. An example method for physical random access channel (PRACH) enhancement includes receiving configuration of legacy PRACH resources and enhanced PRACH (ePRACH) resources. The WTRU selects one of legacy PRACH resources or ePRACH resources based on a coverage capability. Another example method for PRACH enhancement includes receiving configuration of ePRACH resources. The ePRACH resources include multiple ePRACH resource types, each ePRACH resource type being associated with a coverage capability.

Abstract: A receiver bandwidth adaptation for radio access technologies (RATs) may be for a New Radio (NR) or 5G flexible RAT. A WTRU control channel (e.g., receiver) bandwidth may change, for example, based on monitoring a downlink channel for an indication using a bandwidth (BW) associated with a first BW configuration. The indication may include a signal to change the receiver BW. The WTRU may change the receiver BW associated with the first BW configuration to a second BW configuration when the WTRU receives the indication on a downlink (DL) channel. The WTRU may perform one or more measurements associated with the second BW configuration in response to the change of the receiver BW to the second BW configuration. The WTRU may transmit measurement information to a network entity. The WTRU may receive a DL transmission from the network using the second BW configuration.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive first measurement indication information indicating an activation of measurement reporting. The WTRU may determine a first set of resource elements (REs) based on the first measurement indication information. Further, the first set of REs may be associated with measurement-related time and frequency resources. Also, the WTRU may receive one or more measurement-related signals in the indicated first set of REs. Additionally, the WTRU may perform a measurement of each measurement-related signal. The WTRU may transmit, based on the first measurement indication information, a measurement report based on the measurement of each measurement-related signal. Further, the WTRU may receive second measurement indication information indicating a deactivation of measurement reporting.

Abstract: Systems and method are specified to improve the reception of UL transmission, for example in power or coverage limited situations. A WTRU may modify procedures to increase the available signal energy for reception at an eNB and/or to make more efficient use of the available signal energy at the receiver for processing UL transmissions. Example methods for increasing UL link coverage may include modifying HARQ timing (e.g., shorter HARQ), using longer TTIs, use of dedicated PUSCH allocations, use of new PUSCH modulations, enhanced reference signal design, UL macro diversity reception for PUSCH, utilizing protocol reduction techniques, ensuring in-order packet delivery, and/or utilizing a configuration for coverage limited/power limited modes of operation. The proposed methods may be applied individually or in any combination.

Abstract: A method implemented by a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) includes receiving a DeModulation Interference Measurement (DM-IM) resource, determining an interference measurement based on the DM-IM resource, and demodulating a received signal based on the interference measurement. An interference is suppressed based on the interference measurement. At least one DM-IM resource is located in a Physical Resource Block (PRB). The DM-IM resource is located in a PRB allocated for the WTRU. The DM-IM resource is a plurality of DM-IM resources which form a DM-IM pattern, and the DM-IM pattern is located on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and/or an enhanced Physical Downlink Shared Channel (E-PDSCH) of at least one Long Term Evolution (LTE) subframe. The DM-IM resources are different for different Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) in the LTE subframe. The DM-IM is located in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Resource Block (RB), and the DM-IM pattern is adjusted.

Abstract: Embodiments include methods, systems, and apparatuses for receiving a first type of transmission and a second type of transmission. A WTRU may receive a first downlink control information (DCI) during a first downlink (DL) transmission interval allocating first radio resources in the first DL transmission interval for reception of a first type of transmission. The WTRU may receive data from the first type of transmission in the first radio resources. The WTRU may receive data from a second type of transmission in second radio resources that include one or more predetermined regions within the first radio resources. The WTRU may receive a second DCI during a subsequent second DL transmission interval indicating that the data from the first type of transmission was preempted by the data from the second type of transmission. The WTRU may process the data from the first type of transmission based on the second DCI.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for beam management for repeaters. A method for a network-controlled repeater (NCR) includes receiving, by an NCR mobile termination (NCR-MT) entity, first information for a list of spatial domain filters for an access link of an NCR forwarding (NCR-Fwd) entity, second information for a set of spatial relations corresponding to reference signals (RS) for transmission or reception on a control link (C-link) of the NCR-MT entity, and third information indicating an uplink (UL) or downlink (DL) direction for each time domain resource. The method further includes determining an UL time domain resource, a first spatial domain filter, and a second spatial domain filter based on the second information. The method further includes receiving, by the NCR-Fwd entity, a radio frequency (RF) signal on the access link using the first spatial domain filter and transmitting the RF signal on a backhaul link using the second spatial domain filter.

Abstract: Techniques for efficient downlink control with a large number of carriers and/or TTis are described. Techniques for blind decoding reduction may include making the search space and/or aggregation level of candidates for a first PDCCH/E-PDCCH associated with the characteristics of a second received PDCCH/E-PDCCH. Techniques may include embedding DCI for a set of serving cells and/or TTis in a PDSCH. DCI for a set of serving cells and/or TTis may be included in single PDCCH/E-PDCCH. To reduce overhead, carrier indicator field interpretation may be associated with the serving cell or TTI from which the PDCCH/E-PDCCH containing the downlink control information is received, or the group of cells or TTis to which the PDCCH/E-PDCCH containing the downlink control information belongs.

Abstract: Approaches for idle mode operations for wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) with zero-energy (ZE) receivers are disclosed herein. A WTRU operating in idle mode, may receive using the main transceiver over a Uu interface, an energy harvesting (EH) configuration for use over a ZE air interface. The main transceiver may be turned off, and the ZE receiver as part of a ZE idle mode operation, may detect, over the ZE air interface, and harvest energy from ZE reference signals. The WTRU may calculate an amount of energy harvested from the ZE reference signals over a first time period. The WTRU may calculate a ZE idle mode operation energy consumption over the first time period. On a condition that the ZE idle mode operation energy consumption is greater than the harvested energy, the main transceiver may be turned on and the WTRU may enter a Uu interface idle mode operation.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may monitor a common physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) search space for a downlink control information (DCI) signal and a first radio network terminal identifier (RNTI). In an example, the DCI signal may include an uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) configuration indication. In a further example, the first RNTI may be associated with UL/DL configuration information. The WTRU may transmit UL data or receive DL data based on the received UL/DL configuration indication. In another example, the DCI may include a plurality of UL/DL configuration indications. In an additional xample, a plurality of WTRUs may monitor the common PDCCH search space for the first RNTI. Also, the UL/DL configuration indication may indicate UL/DL configuration information on a symbol basis. Further, the WTRU may receive a second RNTI which is associated with the UL/DL configuration indication.

Abstract: Systems and method are specified to improve the reception of UL transmission, for example in power or coverage limited situations. A WTRU may modify procedures to increase the available signal energy for reception at an eNB and/or to make more efficient use of the available signal energy at the receiver for processing UL transmissions. Example methods for increasing UL link coverage may include modifying HARQ timing (e.g., shorter HARQ), using longer TTIs, use of dedicated PUSCH allocations, use of new PUSCH modulations, enhanced reference signal design, UL macro diversity reception for PUSCH, utilizing protocol reduction techniques, ensuring in-order packet delivery, and/or utilizing a configuration for coverage limited/power limited modes of operation. The proposed methods may be applied individually or in any combination.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive first measurement indication information indicating an activation of measurement reporting. The WTRU may determine a first set of resource elements (REs) based on the first measurement indication information. Further, the first set of REs may be associated with measurement-related time and frequency resources. Also, the WTRU may receive one or more measurement-related signals in the indicated first set of REs. Additionally, the WTRU may perform a measurement of each measurement-related signal. The WTRU may transmit, based on the first measurement indication information, a measurement report based on the measurement of each measurement-related signal. Further, the WTRU may receive second measurement indication information indicating a deactivation of measurement reporting.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for dormancy indication in full-duplex (FD) systems. A method for a user equipment (UE) to receive physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) includes receiving a set of carrier aggregation (CA) parameters for a serving cell associated with a subband full-duplex (SBFD) configuration on the serving cell and receiving a first PDCCH that provides a downlink control information (DCI) format. The DCI format includes a secondary cell (SCell) dormancy indication enabling or disabling receptions of a second PDCCH, in a downlink (DL) bandwidth part (BWP) associated with a group of configured SCells, for a symbol or a subband type. The method further includes selecting, based on the SCell dormancy indication, the symbol or the subband type for receptions of the second PDCCHs on an SCell in the group of configured SCells and receiving the second PDCCH in the BWP of the SCell at a first occasion.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) power control are described. A method includes receiving a time domain resource allocation (TDRA) list configuration including entries, each including a resource allocation that includes a slot offset value. L1 signaling is received indicating a minimum slot offset value. Downlink control information (DCI) is decoded on a physical downlink control channel in a slot. An index is obtained from the decoded DCI, identifying an entry in the TDRA list. A particular slot offset value identified by the index is retrieved from the TDRA list and compared with the minimum slot offset value. If the particular slot offset value is less than the minimum slot offset value, the entry is invalid. If the particular slot offset value is greater than or equal to the minimum slot offset value, a physical downlink shared channel is received.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for time-division duplex (TDD) for network controlled repeaters (NCRs). A method for an NCR includes identifying, by an NCR mobile termination (NCR-MT) entity, information for first TDD uplink-downlink (UL-DL) patterns for a first cell associated with an NCR control link (C-link) and information for second TDD UL-DL patterns for a second cell associated with an NCR backhaul link (BH-link). The method further includes receiving, by the NCR-MT entity on the NCR C-link, downlink signals or channels on the first cell in first downlink or flexible symbols or slots of the first TDD UL-DL patterns and receiving, by an NCR forwarding (NCR-Fwd) entity on the NCR BH-link, radio frequency signals on the second cell in second downlink or flexible symbols or slots of the second TDD UL-DL patterns. The first and second cells are associated with different carrier frequencies. The first and second TDD UL-DL patterns are different.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for beam management for network controlled repeaters (NCRs). A method includes identifying, by an NCR mobile termination (NCR-MT) entity, first information for a first spatial relation associated with a control link (C-link) of the NCR and second information for a second spatial relation associated with a backhaul link (BH-link) of the NCR. The method further includes receiving, by the NCR-MT entity on the NCR C-link, a downlink signal or channel using the first spatial relation and receiving, by an NCR forwarding (NCR-Fwd) entity on the NCR BH-link, a first radio frequency (RF) signal using the second spatial relation. The C-link is associated with a first cell on a first carrier frequency. The BH-link is associated with a second cell on a second carrier frequency. The first and second carrier frequencies are different. The first and second spatial relations are different.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for link failure recovery for network controlled repeaters (NCRs). A method for an NCR includes identifying information for first spatial relations associated with beam failure detection (BFD) for a control link (C-link) of the NCR and information for second spatial relations associated with BFD for backhaul link (BH-link) of the NCR. The method includes identifying a first BFD event for the NCR C-link based on the first spatial relations or a second BFD event for the NCR BH-link based on the second spatial relations. The method further includes, in response to the first BFD event, continuing to operate on the NCR BH-link while a link recovery procedure for the NCR C-link is ongoing, or in response to the second BFD event, ceasing to operate on the NCR BH-link until a link recovery procedure for the NCR BH-link is complete.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for timing information for network controlled repeaters (NCRs). A method for an NCR includes identifying, by an NCR mobile termination (NCR-MT) entity, first information for a first downlink (DL) frame timing associated with first DL receptions on an NCR control link (C-link) and second information for a second DL frame timing associated with second DL receptions on an NCR backhaul link (BH-link). The method further includes receiving, by the NCR-MT entity on the NCR C-link, a DL signal or channel using the first DL frame timing and receiving, by an NCR forwarding (NCR-Fwd) entity on the NCR BH-link, a first radio frequency signal using the second DL frame timing. The NCR C-link is associated with a first cell on a first carrier frequency. The NCR BH-link is associated with a second cell on a second carrier frequency. The first carrier frequency is different from the second carrier frequency.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for monitoring indications for physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) in full-duplex (FD) systems. A method includes receiving a set of discontinuous reception (DRX) parameters associated with a subband full-duplex (SBFD) configuration and receiving a first PDCCH that provides a downlink control information (DCI) format. The DCI format includes a wake-up indication field enabling or disabling receptions of a second PDCCH, in a DRX on-period, for a symbol or a subband type. The method further includes selecting, based on the wake-up indication field, the symbol or the subband type for receptions of the second PDCCH and receiving, based on (i) the selected symbol or subband type and (ii) the set of DRX parameters, the second PDCCH at a first occasion in a DRX on-duration or during a DRX active time. The first occasion is after reception of the first PDCCH and before an end duration.

Abstract: A method for use in a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU). The method comprises: receiving, using an active receiver, system information comprising a first system information set, wherein the first system information set is currently valid for the WTRU; storing the system information; deactivating the active receiver and activating a passive receiver; determining whether a difference between a first parameter in the BSSI and a first parameter in the first system information set is greater than a threshold value, wherein on a condition that the difference is greater than the threshold value, reactivating the active receiver to receive a second system information set as a currently valid system information set for the WTRU.