Abstract: Disclosed herein is a nanomaterial electrolyte formed from a modified two-dimensional nanomaterial having a surface, where the surface is modified by a plurality of functional groups selected from one or more of the group consisting of imine, sulfonic acid, sulfonamide, amine, hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, thiol, and amide on the surface of the modified two-dimensional nanomaterial, where the nanomaterial electrolyte is capable of reversibly adopting a flat two-dimensional conformation or a scrolled 1-dimensional conformation upon a change to its ambient environment. There is also disclosed a method of effecting a change in conformation from one form to the other (and back again).

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for preparing graphene-oxide, the method including contacting graphene and at least one oxidant in a solution including at least one acid solvent thereby forming graphene-oxide.