Abstract: The invention concerns a method for obtaining in vitro a population of cells comprising essentially human smooth muscular cells expressing calponin and SM-MHC from a sample of human muscular biopsy or from human muscular biopsies differentiated in vitro into skeletal muscle cells. The invention also concerns a composition comprising the isolated smooth muscular cells obtainable by said method as therapeutic principle designed for humans. The invention further concerns the use of the isolated smooth muscular cells for preparing a therapeutic composition designed to replace smooth muscular cells. In particular, the invention concerns the use of said isolated smooth muscular cells for treating ischemia, cancer or any disease requiring revascularization of damaged tissues. Finally, the invention concerns the use of said smooth muscular cells as vector for an active principle for preparing a therapeutic composition designed for humans requiring treatment with said active principle.