Abstract: An electromagnetic radiation reflection amplifier capable of amplifying cw or pulsed signals has a pair of cw oscillators operated under injection locking conditions. Diversion of oscillator power to a separate signal path during the off time of the input pulse is achieved through purely passive means; no active control devices are utilized. The device can be implemented for amplification of microwave, millimeter wave or optical signals. The amplifier comprises a 180-degree hybrid coupler, a matched pair of cw oscillator modules, a waveguide discontinuity, a waveguide termination, and an optional signal input element. For a magic-tee hybrid coupler, the cw oscillator modules are mounted on the ports of the symmetrically positioned waveguide arms and the waveguide discontinuity is located within either the sum arm or difference waveguide arm intermediate its ends.

Abstract: An arrangement for packaging an active millimeter wave device is provided having an active solid state diode mounted on a cylindrical shaped heat sink pedestal. The cap for the diode is an elongated cylindrical conductor which also serves as a portion of the center coaxial conductor and DC bias pin. A conductive annular ring is also mounted on the pedestal encircling the diode and serves as the outer coaxial conductor for the coaxial transmission line structure. Advantageously the coaxial transmission line, namely the center and outer conductors, can be precisely assembled in relation to the diode for improved impedance characteristic and efficient energy coupling. Furthermore, the elongated cap moves the point of contact with the bias pin to a region of higher RF impedance, reducing RF losses.

Abstract: A waveguide structure operable as a power combiner or a power divider at millimeter-wave frequencies and having desirably low losses, large bandwidth and high power transmitting characteristics. The structure includes a single rectangular input/output waveguide, coupled to a circularly symmetrical waveguide section, which is in turn coupled to a radial waveguide. The radial waveguide has disposed about its periphery multiple transitions to rectangular output/input waveguides.