Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for the hydroconversion of heavy oil products (the fresh load). Said apparatus comprises: a slurry bubble column hydroconversion reactor, which comprises a feed line in which the fresh load and the recirculated slurry phase are conveyed, an inlet line for a hydrogenating stream and an outlet for a reaction effluent through an outlet nozzle; a stripping column at high pressure and high temperature placed downstream of the reactor and directly connected to the reactor head through a pipeline in which the reaction effluent flows; said column having an inlet line for a stripping gas, an inlet for the reactor effluent, a head outlet for steam and an outlet for the slurry phase; lines and means for recirculating the slurry leaving the stripping column; lines and means for taking a drain stream, which has the function of preventing the accumulation of solids in the reactor.

Abstract: System and corresponding process for the hydroconversion of heavy oils essentially comprising a reactor, a liquid-vapor separator and a section for stripping conversion products outside the reactor comprising an inlet conduit for the stripping gases located at a point on the conduit providing a connection between the head of the reactor and the liquid-vapor separator inclined, at least from the point of entry, upwards with a gradient of between 2% and 20%, preferably between 3% and 12%, with respect to a horizontal plane. The inlet conduit for the stripping gases is inclined with respect to the axis of the conduit providing a connection between the reactor head and the liquid-vapor separator through an angle of between 20° and 65°, more preferably between 30° and 60°, even more preferably between 40° and 50°. The stripping gas delivered to the connection conduit between the head of the reactor and the separator flows in a downward direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for the hydroconversion of heavy oil products (the fresh load). Said apparatus comprises: a slurry bubble column hydroconversion reactor, which comprises a feed line in which the fresh load and the recirculated slurry phase are conveyed, an inlet line for a hydrogenating stream and an outlet for a reaction effluent through an outlet nozzle; a stripping column at high pressure and high temperature placed downstream of the reactor and directly connected to the reactor head through a pipeline in which the reaction effluent flows; said column having an inlet line for a stripping gas, an inlet for the reactor effluent, a head outlet for steam and an outlet for the slurry phase; lines and means for recirculating the slurry leaving the stripping column; lines and means for taking a drain stream, which has the function of preventing the accumulation of solids in the reactor.

Abstract: System and corresponding process for the hydroconversion of heavy oils essentially comprising a reactor, a liquid-vapor separator and a section for stripping conversion products outside the reactor comprising an inlet conduit for the stripping gases located at a point on the conduit providing a connection between the head of the reactor and the liquid-vapor separator inclined, at least from the point of entry, upwards with a gradient of between 2% and 20%, preferably between 3% and 12%, with respect to a horizontal plane. The inlet conduit for the stripping gases is inclined with respect to the axis of the conduit providing a connection between the reactor head and the liquid-vapor separator through an angle of between 20° and 65°, more preferably between 30° and 60°, even more preferably between 40° and 50°. The stripping gas delivered to the connection conduit between the head of the reactor and the separator flows in a downward direction.

Abstract: A data communications system has a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links. A subset of the links and nodes forms a worker path for carrying worker data through the communications system, and a further subset of links and nodes provides a protection path for carrying other data in the absence of a fault in the worker path and for providing an alternative path for the worker data in the event of a fault in the worker path. The alternative path is predetermined prior to the detection of a fault in the worker path.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of heavy oils comprising sending the heavy oil to hydrotreatment, of the high severity type, in the presence of high concentrations of a suitable hydrogenation catalyst dispersed in slurry phase, effected in a suitable solid accumulation reactor capable of operating stably in the presence of solids deriving from and generated by the feedstock charged, wherein the hydrogen or mixtures thereof is fed at suitable flow-rates and suitably distributed, obtaining the conversion products in vapour phase directly in the reactor.

Abstract: A data communications system has a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links. A subset of the links and nodes forms a worker path for carrying worker data through the communications system, and a further subset of links and nodes provides a protection path for carrying other data in the absence of a fault in the worker path and for providing an alternative path for the worker data in the event of a fault in the worker path. The alternative path is predetermined prior to the detection of a fault in the worker path.

Abstract: A data communications system has a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links. A subset of the links and nodes forms a worker path for carrying worker data through the communications system, and a further subset of links and nodes provides a protection path for carrying other data in the absence of a fault in the worker path and for providing an alternative path for the worker data in the event of a fault in the worker path. The alternative path is predetermined prior to the detection of a fault in the worker path.

Abstract: A gas operating system for a firearm renders the firearm capable of firing a wide range of shot loads by passively or automatically compensating for different shot loads. The firearm includes a plurality of ports formed in the firearm barrel, and corresponding ports formed in a gas cylinder of the gas operating system. The ports tap gases generated during firing which are used to cycle the firearm. When firing different cartridge loads, differing combinations of the ports are selectively at least partially blocked or otherwise obstructed by the cartridge casing according to the size of the cartridge.

Abstract: A gas operating system for a firearm renders the firearm capable of firing a wide range of shot loads by passively or automatically compensating for different shot loads. The firearm includes a plurality of ports formed in the firearm barrel, and corresponding ports formed in a gas cylinder of the gas operating system. The ports tap gases generated during firing which are used to cycle the firearm. When firing different cartridge loads, differing combinations of the ports are selectively at least partially blocked or otherwise obstructed by the cartridge casing according to the size of the cartridge.

Abstract: A gas operating system for a firearm renders the firearm capable of firing a wide range of shot loads by passively or automatically compensating for different shot loads. The firearm includes a plurality of ports formed in the firearm barrel, and corresponding ports formed in a gas cylinder of the gas operating system. The ports tap gases generated during firing which are used to cycle the firearm. When firing different cartridge loads, differing combinations of the ports are selectively at least partially blocked or otherwise obstructed by the cartridge casing according to the size of the cartridge.

Abstract: A gas operating system for a firearm renders the firearm capable of firing a wide range of shot loads by passively or automatically compensating for different shot loads. The firearm includes a plurality of ports formed in the firearm barrel, and corresponding ports formed in a gas cylinder of the gas operating system. The ports tap gases generated during firing which are used to cycle the firearm. When firing different cartridge loads, differing combinations of the ports are selectively at least partially blocked or otherwise obstructed by the cartridge casing according to the size of the cartridge.

Abstract: A data communications system has a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links. A subset of the links and nodes forms a worker path for carrying worker data through the communications system, and a further subset of links and nodes provides a protection path for carrying other data in the absence of a fault in the worker path and for providing an alternative path for the worker data in the event of a fault in the worker path. The alternative path is predetermined prior to the detection of a fault in the worker path.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of heavy oils comprising sending the heavy oil to hydrotreatment, of the high severity type, in the presence of high concentrations of a suitable hydrogenation catalyst dispersed in slurry phase, effected in a suitable solid accumulation reactor capable of operating stably in the presence of solids deriving from and generated by the feedstock charged, wherein the hydrogen or mixtures thereof is fed at suitable flow-rates and suitably distributed, obtaining the conversion products in vapour phase directly in the reactor.

Abstract: A data communications system has a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links. A subset of the links and nodes forms a worker path for carrying worker data through the communications system, and a further subset of links and nodes provides a protection path for carrying other data in the absence of a fault in the worker path and for providing an alternative path for the worker data in the event of a fault in the worker path. The alternative path is predetermined prior to the detection of a fault in the worker path.

Abstract: In a communications system, especially an SDH DCN system in which most network elements (NEs) function as intermediate systems (ISs) rather than end systems (ESs), it is made possible to reduce the constraints on the DCN topology posed by the IS-IS routing protocol by configuring the gateway element (GNE) and the NEs directly connected to it in such a way that the non-gateway NEs appear as ESs to the rest of the system. This is achieved by setting up on each of the digital communication channels (DCCs) of the GNE manual end-system adjacencies for all the NEs reachable through that DCC; setting the “external domain” attribute of these DCCs to TRUE and setting the same attributes of the corresponding DCCs of those NEs which are immediate neighbors of the GNE likewise TRUE; and supplying those DCCs with length-zero reachable address prefixes (RAPs) and configuring the neighbor NEs as level 2 Intermediate Systems.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of hydrogenated hydrocarbons comprising a preliminary treatment of natural gas with a catalyst at a high temperature and the subsequent hydrogenation of the mixture of cyclic and/or aromatic hydrocarbons formed.

Abstract: A data communications system has a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links. A subset of the links and nodes forms a worker path for carrying worker data through the communications system, and a further subset of links and nodes provides a protection path for carrying other data in the absence of a fault in the worker path and for providing an alternative path for the worker data in the event of a fault in the worker path. The alternative path is predetermined prior to the detection of a fault in the worker path.

Abstract: A control method or protocol for the control scheme of a connection oriented network such as the automatically switched transport networks (ASTN G.807). Such a protocol provides a set of control functions with the purpose of setting and releasing connections through the transport network. Differently from protocols based on Link State Packet such as ATM, PNNI or MPLS, this protocol is based on a fully shared network database where each node keeps only its own information. This greatly reduces the required computations imposed on the single node.

Abstract: Method for the preparation of hydrogenated hydrocarbons comprising a preliminary treatment of natural gas with a catalyst at a high temperature and the subsequent hydrogenation of the mixture of cyclic and/or aromatic hydrocarbons formed.