Abstract: Analyzing sludgy materials by exposing the flowing material in continuous action to x-ray radiation and by measuring the radiation thus created in the said material, according to the invention, the radiation emitted from the material is measured with respect to the intensities of both x-ray fluorescence radiation and x-ray diffraction radiation, and these intensities are combined in order to form a parameter which describes the proportions of the partial components in a given compound combination. Moreover, the detectors employed in the measurement of the radiation intensities are placed at the same cross-sectional plane of the analyzer.

Abstract: A sealing member used in a portable or on-line analyzer, to achieve a tight seal between a sample and the analyzer in order to perform the analysis in a desired gas atmosphere. The sealing member is a semi-labyrinth sealing member manufactured of metal, elastic material or ceramic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating a gas phase stabilizer (5) installed within a gas-filled proportional counter (1) in order to activate the stabilizer (5). According to the invention, the heat is conducted into the proportional counter (1) along a thermal inlet (3), which is in thermal exchange contact with the stabilizer (5). The thermal inlet (3) employed in forming the gas filling can advantageously be employed for heating the stabilizer up to the activating temperature.

Abstract: The invention concerns a way to prolong the service life of proportional counters, there being added to the gas mixture consisting of a rare gas and a hydrocarbon, serving as gas filling in the counters, hydrogen gas in the amount of 0.05-5.0% by weight, preferably 0.1-2.0% by weight. In addition, the hydrogen gas may in part at least be deuterium.