Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor structure comprising a silicon-on-insulator layer structure with crystalline silicon oxide SiOx as the insulator material comprises: providing a crystalline silicon substrate having a substantially clean deposition surface in a vacuum chamber; heating the silicon substrate to an oxidation temperature To in the range of 550 to 1200 ° C.; supplying, while keeping the silicon substrate in the oxidation temperature, with an oxidation pressure Po in the range of 1·10?8 to 1·10?4 mbar in the vacuum chamber, molecular oxygen O2 into the vacuum chamber with an oxygen dose Do in the range of 0.1 to 1000 Langmuir; whereby a crystalline silicon oxide layer with a thickness of at least two molecular layers is formed within the silicon substrate, between a crystalline silicon base layer and a crystalline silicon top layer. Related semiconductor structures are described.

Abstract: A frequency converter includes a symbol string editor in which the potential input symbols are grouped into at least two symbol lists. One of the lists is treated as a current symbol list, which can be scrolled and from which the symbols can be selected as the user input. In addition, a user is allowed to control change of the current symbol list such that the symbols in all of the symbol lists are available for selection. This arrangement allows for scrollable lists to be significantly shorter than a single list of potential symbols would be, which makes entering symbol strings faster.

Abstract: A frequency converter includes a symbol string editor in which the potential input symbols are grouped into at least two symbol lists. One of the lists is treated as a current symbol list, which can be scrolled and from which the symbols can be selected as the user input. In addition, a user is allowed to control change of the current symbol list such that the symbols in all of the symbol lists are available for selection. This arrangement allows for scrollable lists to be significantly shorter than a single list of potential symbols would be, which makes entering symbol strings faster.

Abstract: For entry of calls in an elevator system, a destination call is entered outside the elevator car if the starting floor is a floor with intensive departing traffic. On other floors, a collective-control up or down call is entered traditionally and then a destination call in the elevator car. An identified regular customer may be allowed to select and confirm a destination floor from among one or more preprogrammed alternatives. Destination preprogrammed floors most frequently used are stored, the starting floor being fixed. Preprogrammed floors can be set for several different starting floors separately. For occasional customers system or regular customers going to floors other than preprogrammed floors, a call is entered as a destination call in the elevator lobby on floors with intensive departing traffic and as an up or down call according to collective control in the elevator lobby and on other floors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for verifying destination calls needed in an elevator system. In the method a person having entered a destination call is identified first on the floor level outside the elevator and again in the elevator car allocated to the person. The destination floor call received from a destination call device as well as starting floor information obtained from a detector used to identify the person having entered the call are transmitted to the elevator control system, which, based on the destination call, allocates an elevator to the person having entered the call. If the system identifies the person having entered the call when the person is in the elevator car, then the destination call is acknowledged in the system as executed. On the other hand, if the person having entered the call is not identified in the elevator car allocated to him/her, then the previously entered destination call is kept valid and a new elevator is allocated to the person having entered the call.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a method and apparatus for verifying destination calls needed in an elevator system. In the method of the invention, a person having entered a destination call is identified first on the floor level outside the elevator and again in the elevator car allocated to the person. The destination floor call received from a destination call device as well as starting floor information obtained from a detector used to identify the person having entered the call are transmitted to the elevator control system, which, based on the destination call, allocates an elevator to the person having entered the call. If the system identifies the person having entered the call when the person is in the elevator car, then the destination call is acknowledged in the system as executed.

Abstract: In the method of the present invention, a procedure and an apparatus for the entry of calls in an elevator system are described. In the method, a destination call is entered outside the elevator car if the starting floor is a floor with intensive departing traffic. On other floors, the customer first enters a collective-control up or down call in the traditional manner and then a destination call in the elevator car. In an example of the method, the above procedure additionally comprises a function whereby the elevator customer is identified and an identified regular customer is allowed to select and confirm his/her destination floor from among one or more preprogrammed alternatives. As preprogrammed floors, the destination floors most frequently used by the regular customer in question are stored, the starting floor being fixed. Preprogrammed floors can be set for several different starting floors separately.