Abstract: Methods and systems for treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation are provided. A method includes providing a nanogas dispersion comprising a plurality of stable gas-filled cavities dispersed within an electrochemically activated (“ECA”) aqueous solution, the ECA aqueous solution comprising an electrolyte and water; and introducing an effective amount of the nanogas dispersion into the hydrocarbon-bearing formation, wherein the plurality of stable gas-filled cavities of the nanogas dispersion enter into an interstitial space defined as between the hydrocarbon and the hydrocarbon-bearing formation thereby reducing interfacial tension between the hydrocarbon and the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. A system includes a pump configured to introduce the effective amount of the nanogas dispersion into the hydrocarbon-bearing formation; and a recovery device configured to collect the hydrocarbon from the hydrocarbon-bearing formation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for detecting multiple workpieces. The present invention provides a mount adaptor connected to a workpiece engaging device for engaging and manipulating a workpiece. A cell body is connected to the mount adaptor, and the cell body has an accelerometer disposed therein for measuring and signaling an acceleration value of the workpiece. A load cell is connected to the cell body and is connectable to a manipulator, wherein the load cell measures and signals a load value of the workpiece. A computer processor receives the acceleration value and the load value of the workpiece for determining the mass of the workpiece and determining whether there are multiple workpieces engaged by the workpiece-engaging device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for detecting multiple workpieces. The present invention provides a mount adaptor connected to a workpiece engaging device for engaging and manipulating a workpiece. A cell body is connected to the mount adaptor, and the cell body has an accelerometer disposed therein for measuring and signaling an acceleration value of the workpiece. A load cell is connected to the cell body and is connectable to a manipulator, wherein the load cell measures and signals a load value of the workpiece. A computer processor receives the acceleration value and the load value of the workpiece for determining the mass of the workpiece and determining whether there are multiple workpieces engaged by the workpiece-engaging device.

Abstract: A gripper assembly includes an actuator, at least one gripper jaw, a sensor member and at least one position sensing device. The actuator has a first actuator portion, a second actuator portion, and a fixed portion. The first actuator portion and the second actuator portion are moveable in unison between a first position and a second position. The at least one gripper jaw is disposed forward of the fixed portion of the actuator and is moveable with respect to the fixed portion of the actuator in response to movement of the first actuator portion. The sensor member is disposed rearward of the fixed portion of the actuator and is coupled to the second actuator portion for movement therewith. The position sensing device is disposed rearward of the fixed portion of the actuator and is operable to detect proximity of the sensor member.

Abstract: A gripper assembly includes at least one movable gripper jaw and a sensor member coupled for movement with the at least one gripper jaw. The sensor member includes a slot. A sensor is located at least partially within the slot and includes at least one inductor for inductively detecting a proximity of the sensor member.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes a moveable member and an inductor coil. A flexible inductor member moves relative to the inductor coil in response to movement of the moveable member. This produces an inductance signal that indicates the movement of the moveable member.

Abstract: A gripper assembly includes at least one movable gripper jaw and a sensor member coupled for movement with the at least one gripper jaw. The sensor member includes a slot. A sensor is located at least partially within the slot and includes at least one inductor for inductively detecting a proximity of the sensor member.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes a moveable member and an inductor coil. A flexible inductor member moves relative to the inductor coil in response to movement of the moveable member.

Abstract: An elastic sheath and a retaining ring is provided for a stethoscope having a head, a sound tube and an earpiece. The sheath has an open end for admittance of the head and a portion of the sound tube and a closed end. The sheath is sized such that the head of the stethoscope and at least a portion of the sound tube is enveloped by the sheath. The retaining ring is mounted to the sound tube and extends radially outwardly therefrom. The retaining ring is sized such that the sheath plastically deforms to envelop the retaining ring. The retaining ring thus releasably retains the sheath on the stethoscope.