Abstract: A process is provided for employing scrap glass (cullet) having an organic coating thereon in an overall process wherein molten-glass forming ingredients are converted into agglomerates and the agglomerates preheated to an elevated temperature prior to melting in a glass melting furnace. The organic coating is pyrolized, i.e., thermally decarbonized, during the preheating of the agglomerates.

Abstract: A process for preheating glass batch ingredients is disclosed. The invention uses a heat exchange method that employs furnace exhaust gases. The exhaust gases are electrically charged and passed through an electrified bed of heat transfer media to remove particulate from the gases. The gases heat the media while the media scrubs the gases. The heated media then is used to preheat glass batch which is fed to a glass melting furnace.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of glass is disclosed. Dried glass batch agglomerates are used as the media in an electrified filter bed, preheated with furnace exhaust gases, and then fed to a glass melting furnace. Exhaust gases from the preheating are electrically charged and passed through the electrified bed of agglomerates to remove glass batch particulate from the spent gases.

Abstract: The incorporation of an additive selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and boric acid into a glass batch pellet comprising uncalcined colemanite imparts to the pellets improved strength when heated to 1100.degree. F. (593.degree. C.).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for predrying and preheating pellets involving an oscillating grate extending angularly downward across the predrying section and discharging into the preheating section.

Abstract: A method of preheating glass batch pellets in which a controlled first stream of hot gases is employed to predry pellets and a second stream of hot gases is employed to preheat the pellets and in which the two streams are combined and withdrawn from the system.

Abstract: A pellet preheat hopper is disclosed, the hopper being equipped with agitator means proximately coincident with the upper operating pellet level to break up pellet encrustation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing glass, and apparatus for effecting same, which comprises passing flue gases from a glass melting furnace through a bed of agglomerates of glass forming batch materials so as to heat the agglomerates to a temperature less than that at which they form an aggregated mass, cooling the flue gases as they pass through the bed with a heat exchanger positioned in the bed, and then melting the heated batch materials in a fossil fuel fired melter to form molten glass. The heat transfer medium of the indirect heat exchanger then is transported to a predryer to dry the agglomerates before they are fed to the preheat hopper.

Abstract: A process for preheating glass batch pellets is disclosed, the pellets being preheated by tumbling them into a heated gas stream and subsequently by contact of the pellets, in the form of a moving bed, with hot gases from the furnace in which the preheated pellets are melted to form molten glass from which fibers are formed.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for preheating glass batch ingredients is disclosed. The invention uses a heat exchange method that preferably employs furnace exhaust gases. The heated batch then is fed to a glass melting furnace.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the manufacture of glass is disclosed. Glass batch agglomerates are formed, fed to a vertical bed preheat hopper, dried and preheated with furnace exhaust gases, and then fed to a glass melting furnace. A bypass wedge removes a portion of the exhaust gases below the top of the vertical bed to reduce superficial velocity and temperature of the gas through the top of the bed and reduce particulate emissions.

Abstract: A closed-loop method for removing particulates from a hot gases passed in contact with pellets to dry them. The hot gases after pellet contact are passed through an aqueous scrubbing zone and to atmosphere. The aqueous solution is thereafter introduced into the pelleting means.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the manufacture of glass is disclosed. Glass batch agglomerates are formed, predryed, preheated and then fed to a glass melting furnace. The predrying is carried out in a fluidized bed predryer to prevent aggregation of the wet agglomerates.

Abstract: Raw colemanite is introduced into the flue gas stream emanating in a combustion-fired furnace, which flue gas stream will contain boron values and if the glass being manufactured contains fluorine, will also containe fluorine values. This introduction provides for the calcination of the raw colemanite and likewise provides for pollution abating features by a reaction with the boron values and the fluorine values.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for feeding glass batch agglomerates or raw batch to a glass melting furnace is disclosed. The invention employs a rotating chute or feeder which can be operated at various angles and speeds of rotation to ensure uniform pellet distribution.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for distributing a downwardly flowing stream of water-containing glass batch agglomerates in such fashion that the stream is diverted so as to form a bed of substantially uniform height on an agglomerate-supporting bottom wall of an enclosed chamber. There is contemplated the use of plural members for this purpose, including a first member, preferably in the shape of a tubular-like, right frusto-conical member and disposed internally thereof a second member, preferably in the form of a right, frusto-pyramidal member.

Abstract: Some free water containing glass batch agglomerate formulations when attempted to be dried and heated in a vertical bed prior to being discharged to a glass melter for vitrification convert into large aggregates which cannot be suitably supplied to the melter. The present invention solves this process disabling aggregate formation by treating such agglomerates in a preconditioning chamber(s) prior to supplying them into a vertical bed so as to preclude serious aggregate formation in either the preconditioner or the vertical bed. Such treatment is employed in manufacturing glass with a fossil fuel fired melter or an electrically operated melter.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for preconditioning and preheating pellets of glass batch prior to heating and melting them in a furnace. Components of glass batch are mixed together and combined with water to form agglomerates, e.g., pellets. These agglomerates are supplied to a hopper through which hot combustion gases are passed and they are preheated to an elevated temperature in the hopper prior to entering the melting furnace, thereby resulting in a savings of substantial amounts of energy. Moisture is removed from the agglomerate prior to their being supplied to the hopper; hence, the tendency for the agglomerates to adhere to one another and form aggregates, or clinkers, is substantially controlled. For that purpose, the agglomerates are collected in a preconditioner having receptacles located above the bed of agglomerates in the hopper with the hot gases also passing through the agglomerates in the receptacles after passing through the bed in the hopper.

Abstract: A process is described for minimizing the sticky or tacky surface characteristics of free water-containing glass batch pellets so as to allow for the more expeditious handling of such pellets in further processing operations. Generally, this is effected by coating the pellets subsequent to their formation on a rotating disc pelletizer, the coating being done with a tumbling motion in a rotary drum member so as to form a substantially uniform surface coating on the pellets. The coating material is the same glass batch composition employed to produce the pellets.