Abstract: A system for enabling interoperability among various kinds of communications equipment and information transmission formats on the battlefield or during tactical missions. The system includes a multi-message translator (MMT) for translating a source text message having a first set of word fields defined according to a source message format, into a sink message having a second set of word fields defined according to a sink message format. The system also includes a voice bridging gateway (VBG) for bridging multiple voice communication networks having associated transmission protocols that are incompatible with one another. Dismounted soldiers obtain location based services including geo-referenced maps, and tactical communications including voice and text messaging, using smart phones or other lightweight COTS client devices that link through a personal networking node (PNN) server to one or both of the MMT and the VBG.

Abstract: Each of a number of gateway network radios operates with a transmission protocol of an associated one of plural incompatible communication networks. Each network radio has an audio terminal for producing first audio signals detected from transmissions of user radios in its associated network, and a microphone terminal for receiving second audio signals for transmission to the user radios. A voice bridging gateway server has multiple ports each corresponding to one of the networks for coupling to the network radio associated with the one network. Each port receives the first audio signals from the audio terminal of the associated network radio, and produces the second audio signals for applying to the microphone terminal of the network radio. The server implements a private branch exchange application whereby user radios in a given communication network can be voice bridged with user radios in a selected one or more of the other networks.

Abstract: A method of bridging radio communication networks having incompatible transmission protocols. Network radios each configured for the protocol of an associated network are provided. An audio terminal of each radio outputs analog audio signals that the radio detects over its network, and a microphone terminal of the radio inputs analog audio signals for transmission over the network. The signals from the audio terminal of a given network radio are converted into digital audio signals and input to a selected port of a server that implements a PBX application for bridging the networks selectively with one another. The digital audio signals input to the selected port are converted into corresponding analog audio signals and applied to the microphone terminal of each network radio with which the given network radio is to be bridged. Telephone devices having access to a PSTN can also be bridged with a network by the PBX application.

Abstract: A system for enabling interoperability among various kinds of communications equipment and information transmission formats on the battlefield or during tactical missions. The system includes a multi-message translator (MMT) for translating a source text message having a first set of word fields defined according to a source message format, into a sink message having a second set of word fields defined according to a sink message format. The system also includes a voice bridging gateway (VBG) for bridging multiple voice communication networks having associated transmission protocols that are incompatible with one another. Dismounted soldiers obtain location based services including geo-referenced maps, and tactical communications including voice and text messaging, using smart phones or other lightweight COTS client devices that link through a personal networking node (PNN) server to one or both of the MMT and the VBG.

Abstract: A transfer switch for switching between power sources for a load includes a plurality of symmetrical phase plates, a plurality of stationary contact pads associated with each said phase plate, each stationary contact pad associated with a power source, a movable contact assembly associated with each phase plate, and a shaft connecting the phase plates and upon which each movable contact assembly is mounted for movement between stationary contact pads associated with each phase plate. The above transfer switch allows for two, three and four-pole modular configuration with minimal additional hardware.

Abstract: An automatic transfer switch includes a main body having a solenoid side and an auxiliary side. A solenoid side limit switch assembly is mounted to the solenoid side and an auxiliary side limit switch assembly is mounted on the auxiliary side. The solenoid side limit switch assembly includes a plurality of limit switches and a solenoid side mounting plate. The auxiliary side limit switch assembly includes a plurality of limit switches and an auxiliary side mounting plate.

Abstract: An automatic transfer switch includes a main body having a solenoid side and an auxiliary side. A solenoid side limit switch assembly is mounted to the solenoid side and an auxiliary side limit switch assembly is mounted on the auxiliary side. The solenoid side limit switch assembly includes a plurality of limit switches and a solenoid side mounting plate. The auxiliary side limit switch assembly includes a plurality of limit switches and an auxiliary side mounting plate.

Abstract: A smoking article in which a flavored aerosol is generated by heat transfer to a flavor bed from the combustion of a heat source is provided. The article generates substantially no sidestream smoke. The transfer of heat from the heat source to the flavor bed is accomplished by convective and radiative heat transfer.

Abstract: A smoking article in which a flavored aerosol is generated by heat transfer to a flavor bed from the combustion of a carbon heat source is provided. The article generates substantially no sidestream smoke. The transfer of heat from the heat source to the flavor bed is accomplished by convective and radiative heat transfer.

Abstract: A smoking article in which a flavored aerosol is generated by heat transfer to a flavor bed from the combustion of a carbon heat source is provided. The article generates substantially no sidestream smoke. The transfer of heat from the heat source to the flavor bed is accomplished by convective and radiative heat transfer.