Abstract: Methods and apparatus for using an energy emanating device that finds a person (17a,b) object or system based on preselected attributes (33) stored in the energy emanating device (10) are disclosed. Searching Methods Using Genetic Responsivity Measurements are used to compare the attributes (33) of individuals, and a match is determined based upon the correlation of these attributes (33). The matching is accomplished using a variety of algorithms, including a “Genetic Responsivity Measurement Formula.” In alternative embodiments, the invention may be used in a search engine.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for using an energy emanating device that finds a person (17a,b) object or system based on preselected attributes (33) stored in the energy emanating device (10) are disclosed. Searching Methods Using Genetic Responsivity Measurements are used to compare the attributes (33) of individuals, and a match is determined based upon the correlation of these attributes (33). The matching is accomplished using a variety of algorithms, including a “Genetic Responsivity Measurement Formula.” In alternative embodiments, the invention may be used in a search engine.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a Remote Control App for Smart Phones are disclosed. One embodiment of the present invention is a software application or “App” which may be downloaded to a conventional smart phone (12). Once downloaded to the smart phone (12) and to a remote computer, network or other information appliance (14), the smart phone (12) may be used to operate and/or control the remote computer, network or other information appliance.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for using an energy emanating device that finds a person (17a,b) object or system based on preselected attributes (33) stored in the energy emanating device (10) are disclosed. Searching Methods Using Genetic Responsivity Measurements are used to compare the attributes (33) of individuals, and a match is determined based upon the correlation of these attributes (33). The matching is accomplished using a variety of algorithms, including a “Genetic Responsivity Measurement Formula.” In alternative embodiments, the invention may be used in a search engine.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for using an energy emanating device that finds a person (17a,b) object or system based on preselected attributes (33) stored in the energy emanating device (10) are disclosed. Searching Methods Using Genetic Responsivity Measurements are used to compare the attributes (33) of individuals, and a match is determined based upon the correlation of these attributes (33). The matching is accomplished using a variety of algorithms, including a “Genetic Responsivity Measurement Formula.” In alternative embodiments, the invention may be used in a search engine.

Abstract: A wireless device including a transceiver that utilizes a power supply is described. The wireless device includes a Global Positioning System (“GPS”) section having a plurality of GPS subsystems and a power controller in signal communication with the power supply and GPS section, wherein the power controller is configured to selectively power each GPS subsystem from the plurality of GPS subsystems.

Abstract: A wireless device including a transceiver that utilizes a power supply is described. The wireless device includes a Global Positioning System (“GPS”) section having a plurality of GPS subsystems and a power controller in signal communication with the power supply and GPS section, wherein the power controller is configured to selectively power each GPS subsystem from the plurality of GPS subsystems.

Abstract: A wireless device including a transceiver that utilizes a power supply is described. The wireless device includes a Global Positioning System (“GPS”) section having a plurality of GPS subsystems and a power controller in signal communication with the power supply and GPS section, wherein the power controller is configured to selectively power each GPS subsystem from the plurality of GPS subsystems.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for finding a match between or among persons (17a, 17b), characteristics and/or objects are disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, an electronic device (10a, 10b), such as a handheld radio, is used to find a person who meets criteria specified by a user. In another embodiment, this electronic device (10a, 10b) is programmed with information regarding the genetic attributes (33) of individuals. These individuals are matched by computing a correlation of the genetic attributes of two individuals (33a, 33b). The information regarding these genetic attributes are determined by testing a tissue or fluid sample. In yet another embodiment of the invention, once biological or genetic attributes (33) are determined, a perfume (544) may be manufactured which is based on a unique set of genetic attributes, and which may either fortify the sexual self-confidence and broadcast the attributes of the person who wears the perfume, or may be used to enhance the attractiveness of another person.

Abstract: A scalable satellite data communication system that provides incremental global broadband services using Earth-fixed cells may begin with a limited satellite deployment that initially serves a limited number of Earth-fixed cells. The system has the flexibility to incrementally increase the number of Earth-fixed cells that are served, with minimal constraints on the relative locations of the cells on the Earth, by adding satellites of potentially greater complexity to the system. Backward compatibility with existing user terminals is achieved by maintaining the same satellite communication interface as with the already-deployed satellite constellation. Continuous and/or non-continuous service may be provided to selected Earth-fixed cells. Scheduled non-continuous service is particularly advantageous for bulk data transport services. Satellites may use simple mechanically-steered antennas.

Abstract: A communication system (10) is disclosed which provides two-way communications access to a wide area network (WAN)(11) for a very large number of subscribers (17). It offers an inexpensive “last-mile” hookup from a subscriber terminal (15) to a communications hub (12). The hub (12) is connected to a WAN (11) such as the Internet. The system comprises service areas (14), 0.7 to 1.5 km radius (18), wherein the hub (12) and subscribers (17) are located. Subscribers (17) are connected to a subscriber terminal (15), directly or through a local area network (LAN)(39). Each terminal (15) communicates with the hub by a SHF radio link (13). Distributed routing of signals provides subscribers (17) with no-waiting, transmission of information at speeds about ten Mbps. Availability of a communication path approximates a fiber optic cable. The LAN (39) may be a local public switched telephone network. Each service area (14) is divided into one to forty sectors (16).

Abstract: A scalable satellite data communication system that provides incremental global broadband services using Earth-fixed cells may begin with a limited satellite deployment that initially serves a limited number of Earth-fixed cells. The system has the flexibility to incrementally increase the number of Earth-fixed cells that are served, with minimal constraints on the relative locations of the cells on the Earth, by adding satellites of potentially greater complexity to the system. Backward compatibility with existing user terminals is achieved by maintaining the same satellite communication interface as with the already-deployed satellite constellation. Continuous and/or non-continuous service may be provided to selected Earth-fixed cells. Scheduled non-continuous service is particularly advantageous for bulk data transport services. Satellites may use simple mechanically-steered antennas.

Abstract: A data communication system for a constellation of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites (13a, 13b, . . . ) that employ Earth-fixed cellular beam management technology is disclosed. The data to be communicated is formed into data packets by a transmitting ground terminal (41). Each data packet includes a header (41) and a payload (43). The header (41) contains address and other control information and the payload (43) contains the data to be communicated. The header and payload databits are separated (71) and outer forward error correction (FEC) encoded (72, 73) with an outer error correction code. The symbols of the outer encoded header and payload codewords are interleaved, first separately (74, 75) and then together (76). The outer encoded, interleaved header and payload codewords are inner encoded by an inner FEC encoder (77). Upon receipt by an uplink satellite (63), the inner error correction code is removed (87) and the resulting codeword symbols are de-interleaved (88, 89, 90).

Abstract: A system for acquiring the beacon of a satellite and synchronizing data transmission between the satellite and a ground terminal is disclosed. The ground terminal conducts a search for a satellite to be acquired. The search may be based on previously developed information from which the location of the satellite can be predicted and, thus, limited to a small area of the sky, or cover a large area of the sky in accordance with a search routine. After the beacon of a satellite is acquired, the geographic area served by the satellite is determined. If the satellite does not serve the cell within which the ground terminal is located, a further satellite search is conducted, which may be based in part on information contained in the beacon of the acquired satellite. After the satellite serving the cell containing the ground terminal is acquired, a test is made to determine how long the satellite will continue to cover the cell.

Abstract: A technique for sharing radio frequency spectrum between multiple satellite communication systems. A first and a second satellite communication system each contain a plurality of satellites in a plurality of non-geostationary (non-GSO) Earth orbits. Each of the plurality of non-GSOs has a predefined orbital plane. Within each orbital plane, satellites of the first and second satellite communication systems are alternating, such that each orbital plane contains satellites from each of the satellite systems. In this manner, it is possible to achieve satisfactory discrimination between satellites and Earth-based stations. The Earth-based station of each communication system will communicate with the closest satellite of its respective communication system.

Abstract: A technique for sharing radio frequency spectrum in a multiple communication satellite system with a plurality of satellites in each of a plurality of non-geostationary (non-GSO) Earth orbits. A first satellite communication system uses a plurality of predefined non-GSO Earth orbits and a second satellite communication system uses a plurality of predefined orbits that are interleaved with the orbital planes of the first satellite communication system. In this manner, it is possible to achieve satisfactory discrimination between satellites and Earth-based stations. With near polar orbits, the topocentric separation between satellites decreases as the latitude of the Earth-based stations increases due to the convergence of orbital planes near the poles. To compensate for the decreased topocentric separation, the system utilizes one or more mitigation techniques to select one of a plurality of possible satellites to communicate with the Earth-based station in order to effectively increase topocentric separation.

Abstract: A system for acquiring the beacon of a satellite and synchronizing data transmission between the satellite and a ground terminal is disclosed. The ground terminal conducts a search for a satellite to be acquired. The search may be based on previously developed information from which the location of the satellite can be predicted and, thus, limited to a small area of the sky, or cover a large area of the sky in accordance with a search routine. After the beacon of a satellite is acquired, the geographic area served by the satellite is determined. If the satellite does not serve the cell within which the ground terminal is located, a further satellite search is conducted, which may be based in part on information contained in the beacon of the acquired satellite. After the satellite serving the cell containing the ground terminal is acquired, a test is made to determine how long the satellite will continue to cover the cell.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a plurality of beams (30) transmitted and received from positions in low Earth orbit (11) for communicating directly with a plurality of portable, mobile and fixed terminals and gateways is disclosed. A plurality of scanning beam antennas (28) is deployed on each satellite (12) within a constellation (10) of satellites placed in low Earth orbit (11). Each one of said plurality of scanning beam antennas (28) simultaneously receives and transmits a plurality of beams (30), each of which beams (30) illuminates cell (26) in an Earth-fixed grid (20). The beams (30) are formed by each scanning beam antenna (28) and are focused on the cell (26) by a dielectric lens (60). A preferred embodiment uses a Luneberg spherical lens (60). Each beam (30) is electronically shaped and steered to keep the cell (26) of the Earth-fixed grid (20) within the beam footprint (50).

Abstract: Earth-fixed cell beam management methods which may be employed to allocate beams generated by a constellation of low Earth orbit satellites (12) flying in orbits below geosynchronous altitudes are disclosed. These beams (19) are electronically steered so that they illuminate "Earth-fixed cells" (26) as opposed to "satellite-fixed cells." In a system that employs satellite-fixed cells, the "footprint" of the beams propagated by a spacecraft defines the zone on the ground called a "cell" which is illuminated by the spacecraft. This satellite-fixed cell moves constantly as the spacecraft moves around the globe. In sharp contrast, an "Earth-fixed cell" (26) is a stationary region mapped onto the surface of the Earth (E) that has permanent fixed boundaries, just like a city or a state.

Abstract: A low cost tracking system employing satellites of the global positioning system (GPS) is suitable for applications involving radiosondes, sonobuoys, and other objects. The tracking system includes a sensor mounted on each object which digitally samples the GPS satellite signals and records them in a data buffer. The digital samples are then transmitted, at a rate lower than that at which the GPS satellite signals were sampled, over a data telemetry link, interleaved with other telemetry data from the object. The GPS data is processed in a data processing workstation where the position and velocity of the sensor, at the time the data was sampled, is computed. The data buffer in the sensor is periodically refreshed, and the workstation periodically computes the new position and velocity of the sensor. Differential corrections are also provided at the workstation to aid in signal acquisition and to increase the precision of the position fix.