Abstract: A pump is provided which pumps energy via molecular carriers; the side effect of this method of energy transmittance is the concomitant movement of material. The method of energy and material movement follows three steps. In step one, energy is absorbed by the molecular carrier, transforming the carrier from a liquid or solid state into a gaseous state. The second step is the conveyance of the energized molecular carriers through an energy conduit, through which the molecular carriers may pass without losing energy, despite a potentially very long distance. The third step involves deposition of the energy at the final destination via a transfer which extracts the energy from the material, concomitantly transforming the material from a gaseous state to a liquid or solid state.

Abstract: A PLD having real-time in-system programmability (ISP) capability is provided. The PLD includes a configuration memory region into which the updated configuration is obtained. A user memory region stores the state for registers of the PLD. The configuration memory region communicates the updated configuration to a core logic region that includes a real-time ISP detection block that detects the initiation of a real-time ISP operation. A controller is in communication with the logic block. The PLD maintains register data by reading a state of the registers of the PLD/logic block and clamping the output pins before the core logic region is being updated. The state of the registers is saved in the memory region as directed by the controller. Upon completion of the update into the logic array, the registers of the PLD are cleared and a control signal from a memory interface triggers the controller to read stored the register data back from the memory and reload the registers.

Abstract: The invention concerns the addition of ammonia to cement, thereby increasing the cement's tensile strength and flexibility. More flexible cement, whether used by itself or in conjunction with other materials in cementitious compositions, is useful in a wide range of applications.

Abstract: In the field of containers there is a need for a re-usable closure that conveniently provides a user with control over access to the contents of the container. A closure (40; 71; 91), for a container (30), comprises a closure member (45; 93) and a key member (45; 94). The closure member (45; 93) includes an opening (51) formed in communication with a concealed sealing member (52; 73). The sealing member (52; 73) is moveable between a closed position towards which it is resiliently biased and an open position. The opening (51) defines a conduit (53) for either dispensing the contents of the container (30) or adding contents to the container (30). The closure member (45; 93) also includes and access channel (54; 97) in communication with the sealing member (52; 73).

Abstract: A cut gemstone comprising a girdle, a crown above the girdle and a pavilion below the girdle, the crown comprising a table and the pavilion comprising a culet and a plurality of pavilion faces between the girdle and the culet, the pavilion faces comprising a plurality of constituent faces and a plurality of star faces, the star faces and constituent faces alternating in circumferential direction of the pavilion, each of the constituent faces having a first and a second cutting edge, each star face being delimited from adjacent first and second constituent faces by respectively the first and second cutting edge of the first and second constituent faces respectively, each first cutting edge of a constituent face intersecting with a second cutting edge of a consecutive constituent face thus defining first and second star points respectively, the first and second cutting edges of consecutive constituent faces diverging towards the culet causing the first and second cutting edges of one single constituent face to

Abstract: In a laser system for converting infrared laser light waves to visible light comprising a source of infrared laser light waves and means of harmoic generation associated therewith for production of light waves at integral multiples of the frequency of the original wave, the improvement of said means of harmonic generation comprising a crystal having the chemical formulaX.sub.2 Y(NO.sub.3).sub.5 .multidot.2 nZ.sub.2 owherein X is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Tl; Y is selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Al, Ga, and In; Z is selected from the group consisting of H and D; and n ranges from 0 to 4.