Patents by Inventor Mark B. Ritter
Mark B. Ritter has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20220156619Abstract: A qubit control system for a quantum computer includes an optical waveguide configured to receive and transmit therethrough a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal which has a plurality of modulated optical carriers, each optical carrier being at a different optical wavelength and carrying a digital qubit control signal; an optical demultiplexer optically coupled to the optical waveguide to receive the multiplexed optical signal to recover the plurality of modulated optical carriers; a plurality of photodetectors in communication with the optical demultiplexer; a plurality of cryogenic filters in communication with the plurality of photodetectors, each being configured to filter corresponding one of the plurality of digital qubit control signals to provide a corresponding one of a plurality of analog qubit control signals which is directed to a corresponding superconducting qubit and the photodetectors. The cryogenic filters are provided at a cryogenic temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 17, 2020Publication date: May 19, 2022Inventors: Mark B. Ritter, Jason S. Orcutt, Patryk Gumann
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Patent number: 11308390Abstract: Embodiments include methods and systems of neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit (NLIFC). Aspects include: receiving an input current having both AC component and DC component at an input terminal of the NLIFC, extracting AC component of input current, generating a number of swing voltages at a swing node using extracted AC component of the input current, transferring charge from a pull-up node to a neuron membrane potential (NP) node through an integration diode and a pull-up diode to raise a voltage at NP node over an integration capacitor gradually and the voltage at NP node shows integration value of AC component of input current, implementing leaky decay function of the neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit, detecting a timing of neuron fire using an analog comparator, resetting a neuron membrane potential level for a refractory period after neuron fire, and generating fire output signal of the NLIFC.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2019Date of Patent: April 19, 2022Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Patent number: 11201686Abstract: A qubit control system for a quantum computer includes a source of a plurality optical carriers; an optical modulator to receive the plurality optical carriers and to modulate each optical carrier with a qubit control signal to provide a plurality of modulated optical signals; an optical multiplexer to provide a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal; an optical waveguide to receive and transmit the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal therethrough; an optical demultiplexer to receive the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal to recover each of the plurality of modulated optical signals; a demodulator to receive each of the recovered plurality of modulated optical signals to output a corresponding plurality of recovered qubit control signals to control subsets of a plurality of qubits.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2020Date of Patent: December 14, 2021Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Mark B. Ritter, Jason S. Orcutt, Patryk Gumann
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Patent number: 10671911Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a driver circuit including a first amplifier having a voltage follower configured to control a first node to maintain a voltage of the first node at a constant value. By maintaining the first node voltage, the first amplifier having the voltage follower is further configured to have a first amplifier output current into the first node at a value without the effect of the voltage fluctuation. The driver circuit further includes a second amplifier configured to control a second node, wherein the second amplifier is in a current mirror configuration with respect to the first amplifier such that a second amplifier current output is a highly precise mirror of the first amplifier current output.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 2016Date of Patent: June 2, 2020Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Patent number: 10643125Abstract: Embodiments include methods and systems of neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit (NLIFC). Aspects include: receiving an input current having both AC component and DC component at an input terminal of the NLIFC, extracting AC component of input current, generating a number of swing voltages at a swing node using extracted AC component of the input current, transferring charge from a pull-up node to a neuron membrane potential (NP) node through an integration diode and a pull-up diode to raise a voltage at NP node over an integration capacitor gradually and the voltage at NP node shows integration value of AC component of input current, implementing leaky decay function of the neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit, detecting a timing of neuron fire using an analog comparator, resetting a neuron membrane potential level for a refractory period after neuron fire, and generating fire output signal of the NLIFC.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 2016Date of Patent: May 5, 2020Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Publication number: 20200026994Abstract: Embodiments include methods and systems of neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit (NLIFC). Aspects include: receiving an input current having both AC component and DC component at an input terminal of the NLIFC, extracting AC component of input current, generating a number of swing voltages at a swing node using extracted AC component of the input current, transferring charge from a pull-up node to a neuron membrane potential (NP) node through an integration diode and a pull-up diode to raise a voltage at NP node over an integration capacitor gradually and the voltage at NP node shows integration value of AC component of input current, implementing leaky decay function of the neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit, detecting a timing of neuron fire using an analog comparator, resetting a neuron membrane potential level for a refractory period after neuron fire, and generating fire output signal of the NLIFC.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 26, 2019Publication date: January 23, 2020Inventors: Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Patent number: 9793913Abstract: A probabilistic digitizer for extracting information from a Josephson comparator is disclosed. The digitizer uses statistical methods to aggregate over a set of comparator readouts, effectively increasing the sensitivity of the comparator even when an input signal falls within the comparator's gray zone. Among other uses, such a digitizer may be used to discriminate between states of a qubit.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 2017Date of Patent: October 17, 2017Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: John F. Bulzacchelli, Mark B. Ketchen, Christopher B. Lirakis, Alexey Y. Lvov, Stanislav Polonsky, Mark B. Ritter
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Publication number: 20170255860Abstract: Embodiments include methods and systems of neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit (NLIFC). Aspects include: receiving an input current having both AC component and DC component at an input terminal of the NLIFC, extracting AC component of input current, generating a number of swing voltages at a swing node using extracted AC component of the input current, transferring charge from a pull-up node to a neuron membrane potential (NP) node through an integration diode and a pull-up diode to raise a voltage at NP node over an integration capacitor gradually and the voltage at NP node shows integration value of AC component of input current, implementing leaky decay function of the neuron leaky integrate and fire circuit, detecting a timing of neuron fire using an analog comparator, resetting a neuron membrane potential level for a refractory period after neuron fire, and generating fire output signal of the NLIFC.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 3, 2016Publication date: September 7, 2017Inventors: Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Publication number: 20170243108Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a driver circuit including a first amplifier having a voltage follower configured to control a first node to maintain a voltage of the first node at a constant value. By maintaining the first node voltage, the first amplifier having the voltage follower is further configured to have a first amplifier output current into the first node at a value without the effect of the voltage fluctuation. The driver circuit further includes a second amplifier configured to control a second node, wherein the second amplifier is in a current mirror configuration with respect to the first amplifier such that a second amplifier current output is a highly precise mirror of the first amplifier current output.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 19, 2016Publication date: August 24, 2017Inventors: Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Publication number: 20170179973Abstract: A probabilistic digitizer for extracting information from a Josephson comparator is disclosed. The digitizer uses statistical methods to aggregate over a set of comparator readouts, effectively increasing the sensitivity of the comparator even when an input signal falls within the comparator's gray zone. Among other uses, such a digitizer may be used to discriminate between states of a qubit.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 20, 2017Publication date: June 22, 2017Inventors: John F. Bulzacchelli, Mark B. Ketchen, Christopher B. Lirakis, Alexey Y. Lvov, Stanislav Polonsky, Mark B. Ritter
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Patent number: 9614532Abstract: A probabilistic digitizer for extracting information from a Josephson comparator is disclosed. The digitizer uses statistical methods to aggregate over a set of comparator readouts, effectively increasing the sensitivity of the comparator even when an input signal falls within the comparator's gray zone. Among other uses, such a digitizer may be used to discriminate between states of a qubit.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 2015Date of Patent: April 4, 2017Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: John F. Bulzacchelli, Mark B. Ketchen, Christopher B. Lirakis, Alexey Y. Lvov, Stanislav Polonsky, Mark B. Ritter
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Publication number: 20170047914Abstract: A pulse generator and a method of fabricating a pulse generator are described. The pulse generator includes an input node to receive an input voltage, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. The first capacitor is positioned between the input node and the second capacitor. An output node outputs an output voltage with a pulse shape, and the pulse generator also includes at least one switch between the input node and the second capacitor. The at least one switch controls the pulse shape of the output voltage.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 12, 2015Publication date: February 16, 2017Inventors: Kohji Hosokawa, Masatoshi Ishii, Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Publication number: 20170047911Abstract: A pulse generator and a method of fabricating a pulse generator are described. The pulse generator includes an input node to receive an input voltage, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. The first capacitor is positioned between the input node and the second capacitor. An output node outputs an output voltage with a pulse shape, and the pulse generator also includes at least one switch between the input node and the second capacitor. The at least one switch controls the pulse shape of the output voltage.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 23, 2015Publication date: February 16, 2017Inventors: Kohji Hosokawa, Masatoshi Ishii, Mark B. Ritter, Takeo Yasuda
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Patent number: 9203022Abstract: A resistive switching device includes a first electrode and a transition metal oxide layer formed on the first electrode. An oxygen scavenging electrode is formed on the transition metal oxide wherein the oxygen scavenging electrode removes oxygen from the transition metal oxide layer to increase formation of oxygen vacancies in the transition metal oxide layer to enable a switching mode when a bias is applied between the first electrode and the oxygen scavenging electrode.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2013Date of Patent: December 1, 2015Assignee: GLOBALFOUNDRIES INC.Inventors: Marinus J. Hopstaken, Jeehwan Kim, Seyoung Kim, Mark B. Ritter
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Publication number: 20150243888Abstract: A resistive switching device includes a first electrode and a transition metal oxide layer formed on the first electrode. An oxygen scavenging electrode is formed on the transition metal oxide wherein the oxygen scavenging electrode removes oxygen from the transition metal oxide layer to increase formation of oxygen vacancies in the transition metal oxide layer to enable a switching mode when a bias is applied between the first electrode and the oxygen scavenging electrode.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 12, 2015Publication date: August 27, 2015Inventors: Marinus J. Hopstaken, Jeehwan Kim, Seyoung Kim, Mark B. Ritter
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Patent number: 8949685Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for minimizing the effects of soft errors associated with memory devices that are individually accessible. By way of example, a method of organizing a column in a memory array of a memory device protected by an error correction code comprises the step of maximizing a distance of the error correction code by maximizing a physical distance between memory bits associated with a memory line within the column protected by the error correction code. Other soft error protection techniques may include use of a feed forward error correction code or use of a memory operation (e.g., read or write operation) suppress and retry approach.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 2010Date of Patent: February 3, 2015Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Douglas J. Joseph, Mark B. Ritter, José A. Tierno
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Publication number: 20150028279Abstract: A resistive switching device includes a first electrode and a transition metal oxide layer formed on the first electrode. An oxygen scavenging electrode is formed on the transition metal oxide wherein the oxygen scavenging electrode removes oxygen from the transition metal oxide layer to increase formation of oxygen vacancies in the transition metal oxide layer to enable a switching mode when a bias is applied between the first electrode and the oxygen scavenging electrode.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 23, 2013Publication date: January 29, 2015Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Marinus J. Hopstaken, Jeehwan Kim, Seyoung Kim, Mark B. Ritter
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Patent number: 8832010Abstract: According to a technique, an electronic device is configured to correspond to characteristic features of a biological synapse. The electronic device includes multiple bipolar resistors arranged in parallel to form an electronic synapse, an axonal connection connected to one end of the electronic synapse and to a first electronic neuron, and a dendritic connection connected to another end of the electronic synapse and to a second electronic neuron. An increase and decrease of synaptic conduction in the electronic synapse is based on a probability of switching the plurality of bipolar resistors between a low resistance state and a high resistance state.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 2012Date of Patent: September 9, 2014Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Bipin Rajendran, Mark B. Ritter
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Patent number: 8832011Abstract: According to a technique, an electronic device is configured to correspond to characteristic features of a biological synapse. The electronic device includes multiple bipolar resistors arranged in parallel to form an electronic synapse, an axonal connection connected to one end of the electronic synapse and to a first electronic neuron, and a dendritic connection connected to another end of the electronic synapse and to a second electronic neuron. An increase and decrease of synaptic conduction in the electronic synapse is based on a probability of switching the plurality of bipolar resistors between a low resistance state and a high resistance state.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2012Date of Patent: September 9, 2014Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: Bipin Rajendran, Mark B. Ritter
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Publication number: 20130173516Abstract: According to a technique, an electronic device is configured to correspond to characteristic features of a biological synapse. The electronic device includes multiple bipolar resistors arranged in parallel to form an electronic synapse, an axonal connection connected to one end of the electronic synapse and to a first electronic neuron, and a dendritic connection connected to another end of the electronic synapse and to a second electronic neuron. An increase and decrease of synaptic conduction in the electronic synapse is based on a probability of switching the plurality of bipolar resistors between a low resistance state and a high resistance state.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 4, 2012Publication date: July 4, 2013Applicant: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATIONInventors: Bipin Rajendran, Mark B. Ritter