Abstract: A lead for navigating small vessels and a catheter system for implantation of leads into small vessels. Veins that return blood to the heart against the force of gravity often have valves in them to prevent backflow of deoxygenated blood. Leads and catheter systems in accordance with embodiments of the invention allow cannulation and lead implantation in small, tortuous, obstructed, and difficult to access veins enabling a range of stimulation and sensing applications.

Abstract: An implantable medical electrical lead includes a lead body having a longitudinal axis, the lead body including proximal and distal portions, the proximal portion being generally straight, and the distal portion being formed with a helix having a central axis; and a plurality of electrodes arranged along the helix, each of the electrodes having a length parallel to a lead body portion on which each of the electrodes is disposed, where the longitudinal axis and the central axis are approximately coaxial. The helix is formed with a predetermined bias, and may include at least two coils with electrodes, and optionally a third coil to provide a stabilization function. A method for implanting the lead includes inserting the lead in a lumen, and positioning the lead to dispose the plurality of electrodes against an internal wall of the lumen, in order to stimulate an adjacent structure, such as the phrenic nerve.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.

Abstract: A means for treating breathing disorders by stimulating respiratory muscles or nerves to entrain respiratory systems while leaving respiratory drive intact. Embodiments of the invention employ frequency analysis to determine if appropriate stimulation energy is being applied.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.

Abstract: A means for treating breathing disorders by stimulating respiratory muscles or nerves to entrain respiratory systems while leaving respiratory drive intact. Embodiments of the invention employ frequency analysis to determine if appropriate stimulation energy is being applied.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.

Abstract: A means for treating breathing disorders by stimulating respiratory muscles or nerves to entrain respiratory systems while leaving respiratory drive intact. Embodiments of the invention employ frequency analysis to determine if appropriate stimulation energy is being applied.

Abstract: A means for treating breathing disorders by stimulating respiratory muscles or nerves to entrain respiratory systems while leaving respiratory drive intact. Embodiments of the invention employ frequency analysis to determine if appropriate stimulation energy is being applied.

Abstract: A lead for navigating small vessels and a catheter system for implantation of leads into small vessels. Veins that return blood to the heart against the force of gravity often have valves in them to prevent backflow of deoxygenated blood. Leads and catheter systems in accordance with embodiments of the invention allow cannulation and lead implantation in small, tortuous, obstructed, and difficult to access veins enabling a range of stimulation and sensing applications.

Abstract: A lead for navigating small vessels and a catheter system for implantation of leads into small vessels. Veins that return blood to the heart against the force of gravity often have valves in them to prevent backflow of deoxygenated blood. Leads and catheter systems in accordance with embodiments of the invention allow cannulation and lead implantation in small, tortuous, obstructed, and difficult to access veins enabling a range of stimulation and sensing applications.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.

Abstract: A means for treating breathing disorders by stimulating respiratory muscles or nerves to entrain respiratory systems while leaving respiratory drive intact. Embodiments of the invention employ frequency analysis to determine if appropriate stimulation energy is being applied.

Abstract: A means for treating breathing disorders by stimulating respiratory muscles or nerves to entrain respiratory systems while leaving respiratory drive intact. Embodiments of the invention employ frequency analysis to determine if appropriate stimulation energy is being applied.

Abstract: A lead for navigating small vessels and a catheter system for implantation of leads into small vessels. Veins that return blood to the heart against the force of gravity often have valves in them to prevent backflow of deoxygenated blood. Leads and catheter systems in accordance with embodiments of the invention allow cannulation and lead implantation in small, tortuous, obstructed, and difficult to access veins enabling a range of stimulation and sensing applications.

Abstract: A lead for navigating small vessels and a catheter system for implantation of leads into small vessels. Veins that return blood to the heart against the force of gravity often have valves in them to prevent backflow of deoxygenated blood. Leads and catheter systems in accordance with embodiments of the invention allow cannulation and lead implantation in small, tortuous, obstructed, and difficult to access veins enabling a range of stimulation and sensing applications.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.

Abstract: A medical electrical lead and methods of implanting medical electrical leads in lumens. Leads in accordance with the invention employ preformed biases to stabilize the lead within a lumen and to orient electrodes in a preferred orientation.