Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and a method for amplification of nucleic acid sequences of interest. The disclosed method generally involves replication of a target sequence such that, during replication, the replicated strands are displaced from the target sequence by strand displacement replication of another replicated strand. In one form of the disclosed method, the target sample is not subjected to denaturing conditions. It was discovered that the target nucleic acids, genomic DNA, for example, need not be denatured for efficient multiple displacement amplification. The primers used can be hexamer primers. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the primers are nuclease resistant. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the melting temperature of the primer is altered relative to a primer of the same sequence without the modified nucleotide(s). The DNA polymerase can be ?29 DNA polymerase.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and a method for amplification of nucleic acid sequences of interest. The disclosed method generally involves replication of a target sequence such that, during replication, the replicated strands are displaced from the target sequence by strand displacement replication of another replicated strand. In one form of the disclosed method, the target sample is not subjected to denaturing conditions. It was discovered that the target nucleic acids, genomic DNA, for example, need not be denatured for efficient multiple displacement amplification. The primers used can be hexamer primers. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the primers are nuclease resistant. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the melting temperature of the primer is altered relative to a primer of the same sequence without the modified nucleotide(s). The DNA polymerase can be ?29 DNA polymerase.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and a method for amplification of nucleic acid sequences of interest. The disclosed method generally involves replication of a target sequence such that, during replication, the replicated strands are displaced from the target sequence by strand displacement replication of another replicated strand. In one form of the disclosed method, the target sample is not subjected to denaturing conditions. It was discovered that the target nucleic acids, genomic DNA, for example, need not be denatured for efficient multiple displacement amplification. The primers used can be hexamer primers. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the primers are nuclease resistant. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the melting temperature of the primer is altered relative to a primer of the same sequence without the modified nucleotide(s). The DNA polymerase can be &phgr;29 DNA polymerase.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for nucleic acid amplification reactions that reduce, prevent, or eliminate artifacts; increase efficiency; increase specificity; and/or increase consistency. The disclosed method can combine, for example, the use of open circle probes that can form intramolecular stem structures; the use of matched open circle probe sets in the same amplification reaction; the use of detection primers and detection during the amplification reaction; the use of a plurality of detection rolling circle replication primer, a secondary DNA strand displacement primer and a common rolling circle replication primer in the same amplification reaction; and/or the use of peptide nucleic acid quenchers associated with detection rolling circle replication primers. Such combinations can produce, in the same amplification reaction, the benefits of each of the combined components.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and a method for amplification of nucleic acid sequences of interest. The disclosed method generally involves replication of a target sequence such that, during replication, the replicated strands are displaced from the target sequence by strand displacement replication of another replicated strand. In one form of the disclosed method, the target sample is not subjected to denaturing conditions. It was discovered that the target nucleic acids, genomic DNA, for example, need not be denatured for efficient multiple displacement amplification. The primers used can be hexamer primers. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the primers are nuclease resistant. The primers can also each contain at least one modified nucleotide such that the melting temperature of the primer is altered relative to a primer of the same sequence without the modified nucleotide(s). The DNA polymerase can be &phgr;29 DNA polymerase.

Abstract: An energy loss detecting apparatus for measuring the rate of flow of the vapor phase of a bi-phase fluid flow, in the presence of an unknown quantity of the liquid phase, by separating the vapor phase from the liquid phase and producing a signal representing the vapor phase flow rate. The apparatus includes a hollow separator casing provided with a tube communicating with at least one of the inlet opening and outlet opening of the casing and facing thereinto. A wall seals the interior of the tube from the interior of the casing except at reduced diameter holes in the wall, the diameter of the holes being less than the inside diameter of the tubes at the wall. Energy loss due to a faulty steam trap is measurable by interposing the vapor flow rate measuring apparatus in a steam line between a steam consuming device and the steam trap.

Abstract: An energy loss detection system includes an apparatus (22) for measuring loss of the vapor phase of a bi-phase fluid. Such apparatus is interposable in an energy transfer circuit downstream of an energy consumer device (14), intended to take energy from the bi-phase fluid by converting the vapor phase to liquid, and upstream of a potential energy loss device (20). The apparatus includes a separator (24) for separating the vapor and liquid phases of the bi-phase fluid into separate flow paths. A probe (51) senses the flow rate of the vapor phase through the separator and produces a signal related thereto. An output apparatus (72) includes a readout device (79) responsive to the probe signal for producing a display indicative of vapor flow rate and hence of energy loss downstream of the separator.

Abstract: An energy loss detection system includes an apparatus for measuring loss of the vapor phase of a bi-phase fluid. Such apparatus is interposable in an energy transfer circuit downstream of an energy consumer device, intended to take energy from the bi-phase fluid by converting the vapor phase to liquid, and upstream of a potential energy loss device. The apparatus includes a separator for separating the vapor and liquid phases of the bi-phase fluid into separate flow paths. A probe senses the flow rate of the vapor phase through the separator and produces a signal related thereto. An output apparatus includes a read-out device responsive to the probe signal for producing a display indicative of vapor flow rate and hence of energy loss downstream of the separator.