Abstract: Systems and techniques for performing multicast-reduction operations. In at least one embodiment, a network device receives first network data associated with a multicast operation to be collectively performed by at least a plurality of endpoints. The network device reserves resources to process second network data to be received from the endpoints, and sends the first network data to a plurality of additional network devices. The network device receives the second network data, and processes the second network data using the reserved resources.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for performing multicast-reduction operations. In at least one embodiment, a network device receives first network data associated with a multicast operation to be collectively performed by at least a plurality of endpoints. The network device reserves resources to process second network data to be received from the endpoints, and sends the first network data to a plurality of additional network devices. The network device receives the second network data, and processes the second network data using the reserved resources.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for performing multicast-reduction operations. In at least one embodiment, a network device receives first network data associated with a multicast operation to be collectively performed by at least a plurality of endpoints. The network device reserves resources to process second network data to be received from the endpoints, and sends the first network data to a plurality of additional network devices. The network device receives the second network data, and processes the second network data using the reserved resources.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for extracting components of a mixed fuel into at least one substantially non-polar component and at least one polar fuel component. In one example approach, a volume of a mixed fuel is added to an extractor and a polar solvent is used to extract components of the mixed fuel. The extracted components may be selectively provided to an engine in a ratio based upon engine operating conditions.

Abstract: In an apparatus having an internal combustion engine, a method of operating the engine is disclosed, comprising providing a mixed fuel from a fuel tank to a separator, separating at least a portion of the hydrocarbon fuel component from the mixed fuel by transporting a hydrocarbon fuel component through a material in the separator that selectively transports the hydrocarbon fuel component, thereby forming a first oxygenated fuel component-enriched fuel fraction and a second hydrocarbon-enriched fuel fraction, and providing fuel from the first fuel fraction and fuel from the second fuel fraction to the engine in a ratio based on an engine operating condition.

Abstract: In an apparatus comprising a fuel tank, an internal combustion engine, and a separator positioned fluidically between the fuel tank and the internal combustion engine, a method of operating the apparatus is disclosed, wherein the method comprises inputting a mixed fuel containing a hydrocarbon component and an oxygenated component into the separator, separating the fuel in the separator into a hydrocarbon-enriched fuel fraction and an oxygenated fuel component-enriched fuel fraction, and controlling an amount of the hydrocarbon-enriched fuel fraction and an amount of the oxygenated fuel component-enriched fuel fraction provided to the engine based upon an engine operating condition.

Abstract: A method of operating a vehicle system including an internal combustion engine is disclosed, the method comprises separating a second fuel from a first fuel, the second fuel having a greater concentration of at least one component than the first fuel; combusting at least the first fuel at least during a first engine load; and combusting at least the second fuel at least during a second engine load higher than the first engine load.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank, a fuel separator disposed fluidically between the fuel tank and the engine, wherein the fuel separator comprises first and second passageways separated at least partially by a selective barrier that selectively transports a first fuel in a fuel mixture at a higher rate than a second fuel in the fuel mixture, and wherein the first passageway is configured to receive an input of fuel from the fuel tank, and an extraction fluid source in fluid communication with the second passageway of the fuel separator.

Abstract: A method of operating a vehicle system including an internal combustion engine is disclosed, the method comprises separating a second fuel from a first fuel, the second fuel having a greater concentration of at least one component than the first fuel; combusting at least the first fuel at least during a first engine load; and combusting at least the second fuel at least during a second engine load higher than the first engine load.

Abstract: In an apparatus having an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank, and an extractor disposed fluidically between the fuel tank and the engine, a method of operating the apparatus is disclosed, wherein the method comprises adding a volume of a mixed fuel into the extractor from the fuel tank, wherein the mixed fuel contains at least one substantially nonpolar fuel component and at least one polar fuel component, adding a volume of a polar solvent to the extractor, extracting at least a portion of the polar fuel from the mixed fuel into the polar solvent, thereby forming a first fuel mixture with an enriched concentration of the polar fuel and a second fuel mixture with an enriched concentration of the substantially nonpolar fuel, and providing the first fuel mixture and the second fuel mixture to the engine in a ratio selected based upon engine operating condition.

Abstract: In an apparatus having an internal combustion engine, a method of operating the engine is disclosed, comprising providing a mixed fuel from a fuel tank to a separator, separating at least a portion of the hydrocarbon fuel component from the mixed fuel by transporting a hydrocarbon fuel component through a material in the separator that selectively transports the hydrocarbon fuel component, thereby forming a first oxygenated fuel component-enriched fuel fraction and a second hydrocarbon-enriched fuel fraction, and providing fuel from the first fuel fraction and fuel from the second fuel fraction to the engine in a ratio based on an engine operating condition.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an internal combustion engine, a fuel tank, a fuel separator disposed fluidically between the fuel tank and the engine, wherein the fuel separator comprises first and second passageways separated at least partially by a selective barrier that selectively transports a first fuel in a fuel mixture at a higher rate than a second fuel in the fuel mixture, and wherein the first passageway is configured to receive an input of fuel from the fuel tank, and an extraction fluid source in fluid communication with the second passageway of the fuel separator.

Abstract: In an apparatus comprising a fuel tank, an internal combustion engine, and a separator positioned fluidically between the fuel tank and the internal combustion engine, a method of operating the apparatus is disclosed, wherein the method comprises inputting a mixed fuel containing a hydrocarbon component and an oxygenated component into the separator, separating the fuel in the separator into a hydrocarbon-enriched fuel fraction and an oxygenated fuel component-enriched fuel fraction, and controlling an amount of the hydrocarbon-enriched fuel fraction and an amount of the oxygenated fuel component-enriched fuel fraction provided to the engine based upon an engine operating condition.