Abstract: Provided herein is technology relating to microfluidics and particularly, but not exclusively, to devices, methods, and systems for detecting and/or quantifying analytes in samples using a microfluidic sensor device.

Abstract: A gas delivery device includes a nitric oxide generating system. The system has a medium including a source of nitrite ions. A working electrode is in contact with the medium. A Cu(II)-ligand complex is in contact with the working electrode. A reference/counter electrode is, or a reference electrode and a counter electrode are in contact with the medium and separated from the working electrode. An inlet conduit is to deliver nitrogen gas to the medium, and an outlet conduit is to transport a stream of nitrogen gas and nitric oxide from the medium. An inspiratory gas conduit is operatively connected to the outlet conduit to introduce an oxygen-containing gas and form an output gas stream of the gas delivery device.

Abstract: A gas delivery device includes a nitric oxide generating system. The system has a medium including i) a source of nitrite ions, or ii) a source of nitrite ions and a Cu(II)-ligand complex. A working electrode is in contact with the medium, wherein i) when the medium includes the source of nitrite ions, the working electrode is a copper containing conductive material or a base material coated with a copper containing conductive material, or ii) when the medium includes the source of nitrite ions and the Cu(II)-ligand complex, the working electrode is platinum, gold, carbon, a carbon coated material, and/or mercury. A reference/counter electrode is in contact with the medium and electrically isolated from the working electrode. An inlet conduit is to deliver oxygen gas to the medium, and an outlet conduit is to transport a stream of oxygen gas and nitric oxide from the medium.

Abstract: A gas delivery device includes a nitric oxide generating system. The system has a medium including i) a source of nitrite ions, or ii) a source of nitrite ions and a Cu(II)-ligand complex. A working electrode is in contact with the medium, wherein i) when the medium includes the source of nitrite ions, the working electrode is a copper containing conductive material or a base material coated with a copper containing conductive material, or ii) when the medium includes the source of nitrite ions and the Cu(II)-ligand complex, the working electrode is platinum, gold, carbon, a carbon coated material, and/or mercury. A reference/counter electrode is in contact with the medium and electrically isolated from the working electrode. An inlet conduit is to deliver oxygen gas to the medium, and an outlet conduit is to transport a stream of oxygen gas and nitric oxide from the medium.

Abstract: A gas delivery device includes a nitric oxide generating system. The system has a medium including a source of nitrite ions. A working electrode is in contact with the medium. A Cu(II)-ligand complex is in contact with the working electrode. A reference/counter electrode is, or a reference electrode and a counter electrode are in contact with the medium and separated from the working electrode. An inlet conduit is to deliver nitrogen gas to the medium, and an outlet conduit is to transport a stream of nitrogen gas and nitric oxide from the medium. An inspiratory gas conduit is operatively connected to the outlet conduit to introduce an oxygen-containing gas and form an output gas stream of the gas delivery device.

Abstract: A polymeric composition includes poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres; and at least one of a discrete RSNO adduct or a polymeric RSNO encapsulated within the microspheres, with the at least one of the discrete RSNO adduct or the polymeric RSNO adduct capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO). The polymeric composition exhibits stability under dry conditions at 37° C. and prolonged and controllable NO release rates, when exposed to light capable of photolyzing an RSNO bond, or when exposed to moisture, for a predetermined amount of time from the at least one of the discrete RSNO adduct or the polymeric RSNO adduct.

Abstract: An example of a nitric oxide generating formulation includes an S-nitrosothiol (RSNO) powder, a salt, and an additive. The additive is to control or accelerate a rate of release of nitric oxide (NO) from RSNO after the RSNO powder, the salt, and additive are dissolved into a liquid carrier. The nitric oxide generating formulation may be part of a kit that includes a container for dissolving the components into a liquid carrier. One of the kits may be used to prevent and/or treat sinonasal infections and another of the kits may be used to create antimicrobial lock solutions.

Abstract: A nitric oxide delivery device includes a housing that is permeable to nitric oxide. A working electrode (which is a copper-containing conductive material or a base material coated with a copper-containing conductive material) is positioned inside of the housing. A conductive lead is electrically connected to the working electrode and extends outside of the housing. A reference electrode and/or a counter electrode is electrically isolated from the working electrode. The reference electrode and/or the counter electrode has a first portion that is inside of the housing and a second conductive portion that is outside of the housing. A source of nitrite ions is to be contained within the housing such that it is in contact with the working electrode.

Abstract: A gas delivery device includes a nitric oxide generating system. The system has a medium including a source of nitrite ions. A working electrode is in contact with the medium. A Cu(II)-ligand complex is in contact with the working electrode. A reference/counter electrode is, or a reference electrode and a counter electrode are in contact with the medium and separated from the working electrode. An inlet conduit is to deliver nitrogen gas to the medium, and an outlet conduit is to transport a stream of nitrogen gas and nitric oxide from the medium. An inspiratory gas conduit is operatively connected to the outlet conduit to introduce an oxygen-containing gas and form an output gas stream of the gas delivery device.

Abstract: A polymeric composition includes a polymer matrix having a lipophilic discrete nitric oxide adduct and/or a polymeric nitric oxide adduct associated therewith, by covalent attachment to the polymer matrix and/or by dispersion within the polymer matrix, with the discrete nitric oxide adduct and/or the polymeric nitric oxide adduct being capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO). The polymeric composition further includes an ester capped poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) additive to at least one of increase, prolong, and control NO release rates from the lipophilic discrete nitric oxide adduct and/or the polymeric nitric oxide adduct.

Abstract: In an example of a method for making an NO-releasing polymeric composition, a discrete RSNO adduct is dissolved in a solvent to form a discrete RSNO adduct solution. A polymer material is soaked in the discrete RSNO adduct solution for a predetermined time to swell the polymer material and impregnate the polymer material with the discrete RSNO adduct.

Abstract: Described here is a graphene-catalysts conjugate, comprising: a graphene support; a first catalyst conjugated to the graphene support; and a second catalyst conjugated to the graphene support, and the second catalyst is different from the first catalyst. In some embodiments, the first catalyst and the second catalyst correspond to a tandem catalytic system to drive a chemical transformation.

Abstract: A gas delivery device includes a nitric oxide generating system. The system has a medium including i) a source of nitrite ions, or ii) a source of nitrite ions and a Cu(II)-ligand complex. A working electrode is in contact with the medium, wherein i) when the medium includes the source of nitrite ions, the working electrode is a copper containing conductive material or a base material coated with a copper containing conductive material, or ii) when the medium includes the source of nitrite ions and the Cu(II)-ligand complex, the working electrode is platinum, gold, carbon, a carbon coated material, and/or mercury. A reference/counter electrode is in contact with the medium and electrically isolated from the working electrode. An inlet conduit is to deliver oxygen gas to the medium, and an outlet conduit is to transport a stream of oxygen gas and nitric oxide from the medium.

Abstract: A nitric oxide delivery device includes a housing that is permeable to nitric oxide. The surface of the housing is modified to detect surface charge or pH (e.g., due to cell adhesion). A working electrode (which is a copper-containing conductive material or a base material coated with a copper-containing conductive material) is positioned inside of the housing. A reference/counter electrode is also positioned inside of the housing, and is electrically isolated from the working electrode. A source of nitrite ions is to be contained within the housing such that it is in contact with the working electrode.

Abstract: An example of a nitric oxide delivery device includes a medium, a working electrode in contact with the medium, and a reference/counter electrode in contact with the medium and electrically isolated from the working electrode. The medium includes a source of nitrite ions and a Cu(II)-ligand complex. A nitric oxide permeable material separates the medium from an external environment that is to contain blood.

Abstract: A polymeric film includes a polymer matrix having at least one of a discrete RSNO adduct or a polymeric RSNO adduct associated therewith, by: covalent attachment to the polymer matrix; dispersion within the polymer matrix; or both, with the at least one of the discrete RSNO adduct or the polymeric RSNO adduct capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO). The polymer matrix is a polyurethane polymer matrix, a silicone rubber polymer matrix, or a copolymer matrix of polyurethane and silicone rubber. The polymeric film is to exhibit stability under dry conditions at 37° C. and prolonged and controllable NO release rates, when exposed to moisture or light capable of photolyzing an RSNO bond, for a predetermined amount of time from the at least one of the discrete RSNO adduct or the polymeric RSNO adduct.

Abstract: A polymeric composition includes a polymer matrix having a lipophilic discrete nitric oxide adduct and/or a polymeric nitric oxide adduct associated therewith, by covalent attachment to the polymer matrix and/or by dispersion within the polymer matrix, with the discrete nitric oxide adduct and/or the polymeric nitric oxide adduct being capable of releasing nitric oxide (NO). The polymeric composition further includes an ester capped poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) additive to at least one of increase, prolong, and control NO release rates from the lipophilic discrete nitric oxide adduct and/or the polymeric nitric oxide adduct.

Abstract: A nitric oxide delivery device includes a housing that is permeable to nitric oxide. A working electrode (which is a copper-containing conductive material or a base material coated with a copper-containing conductive material) is positioned inside of the housing. A conductive lead is electrically connected to the working electrode and extends outside of the housing. A reference electrode and/or a counter electrode is electrically isolated from the working electrode. The reference electrode and/or the counter electrode has a first portion that is inside of the housing and a second conductive portion that is outside of the housing. A source of nitrite ions is to be contained within the housing such that it is in contact with the working electrode.

Abstract: A sensor system for determining glucose concentration in a tear fluid sample includes a working electrode including an immobilized glucose oxidase enzyme portion for reacting with glucose in the tear fluid sample, and a selectivity portion for enhancing the selectivity for glucose over electroactive interferent species in the tear fluid sample. Alternatively, a vessel for receiving the tear fluid sample may include the enzyme portion on an inner wall thereof. A reference electrode is disposed adjacent the working electrode, wherein the electrochemical reaction of the enzyme portion with glucose in the tear fluid sample generates a current related to the glucose concentration in the tear fluid sample.

Abstract: An example of a nitric oxide delivery device includes a medium, a working electrode in contact with the medium, and a reference/counter electrode in contact with the medium and electrically isolated from the working electrode. The medium includes a source of nitrite ions and a Cu(II)-ligand complex. A nitric oxide permeable material separates the medium from an external environment that is to contain blood.