Abstract: A method of treating hyperglycemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance (insulin insensitivity), impaired glucose tolerance, high glucose levels, pulmonary hypertension, and/or a condition arising from any of the foregoing in a patient is provided. The method comprises knocking down mARC2 or mARC1 expression in the patient, or otherwise decreasing mARC2 and mARC1 activity in the patient.

Abstract: A method of treating hyperglycemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance (insulin insensitivity), impaired glucose tolerance, high glucose levels, pulmonary hypertension, and/or a condition arising from any of the foregoing in a patient is provided. The method comprises knocking down mARC2 or mARC1 expression in the patient, or otherwise decreasing mARC2 and mARC1 activity in the patient.

Abstract: A method of treating hyperglycemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance (insulin insensitivity), impaired glucose tolerance, high glucose levels, pulmonary hypertension, and/or a condition arising from any of the foregoing in a patient is provided. The method comprises knocking down mARC2 or mARC1 expression in the patient, or otherwise decreasing mARC2 and mARC1 activity in the patient.

Abstract: A method of treating hyperglycemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance (insulin insensitivity), impaired glucose tolerance, high glucose levels, pulmonary hypertension, and/or a condition arising from any of the foregoing in a patient is provided. The method comprises knocking down mARC2 or mARC1 expression in the patient, or otherwise decreasing mARC2 and mARC1 activity in the patient.

Abstract: It has been surprisingly discovered that administration of nitrite to subjects causes a reduction in blood pressure and an increase in blood flow to tissues. The effect is particularly beneficial, for example, to tissues in regions of low oxygen tension. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate a subject's blood pressure and blood flow, for example, by the administration of nitrite salts. Provided herein are methods of administering a pharmaceutically-acceptable nitrite salt to a subject, for treating, preventing or ameliorating a condition selected from: (a) ischemia-reperfusion injury (e.g., hepatic or cardiac or brain ischemia-reperfusion injury); (b) pulmonary hypertension (e.g., neonatal pulmonary hypertension); or (c) cerebral artery vasospasm.

Abstract: It has been surprisingly discovered that administration of pharmaceutically-acceptable salts of nitrite is useful in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. It has also been surprisingly discovered that nitrite is reduced to nitric oxide in vivo, and that the nitric oxide produced thereby is an effective vasodilator. These effects surprisingly occur at nitrite doses that do not produce clinically significant methemoglobinemia. These discoveries now enable methods to prevent and treat conditions associated with the cardiovascular system, for example, high blood pressure, pulmonary hypertension, cerebral vasospasm and tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury. These discoveries also provide methods to increase blood flow to tissues, for example, to tissues in regions of low oxygen tension.