Abstract: An exhaust emission control system that provides on-board ammonia generation includes a valve disposed upstream of the LNT and SCR catalyst that operates to selectively control the flow of engine exhaust gas to an LNT and/or an SCR catalyst; while reformate fuel is being conveyed from a reformer to the LNT, the valve operates to cause the exhaust gas to bypass the LNT and flow directly to the SCR catalyst. The exhaust emission control system further includes a controller provided with an algorithm that monitors engine operating conditions and exhaust gas conditions, estimates the cumulative amount of exhaust gas created by the engine and the amount of NOx stored in the LNT, and calculates the amount of NOx required to be converted to NH3.

Abstract: One embodiment of a method of operating a NOx abatement system comprises: introducing an exhaust stream to an ammonia generator in a normal flow direction, adsorbing NOx from the exhaust stream in the ammonia generator, diverting the exhaust stream around the ammonia generator, introducing hydrogen to the ammonia generator in a direction opposite the normal flow direction, and generating ammonia within the ammonia generator.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a flow switch can comprise: a deflector having a diverging upstream portion; an aperture located in a downstream portion of the deflector; and a divider disposed downstream of the deflector. The deflector can be capable of diverting a fluid stream that contacts the upstream portion, around the deflector. The aperture can be capable of allowing a flow of a displacing fluid such that the displacing fluid can inhibit the diverted fluid stream from converging to pass through the divider. The divider can be capable of allowing a flow of the displacing fluid therethrough.

Abstract: A NOx abatement system comprising: a first NOx adsorber (18) capable of being disposed in-line and downstream of and in fluid communication with an engine (12); a selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) disposed in-line and downstream of and in direct fluid communication with the first NOx adsorber (18), wherein the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) is capable of storing ammonia; and an off-line reformer (24) disposed in selective communication with and upstream of the first NOx adsorber (18) and the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20), wherein the reformer (24) is capable of producing a reformate comprising primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an exhaust treatment system comprises a selective catalytic reduction device, an off-line reformer disposed in selective fluid communication with and upstream of the selective catalytic reduction device, and a plasma reactor disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with the off-line reformer, and disposed upstream of and in fluid communication with the selective catalytic reduction device. The selective catalytic reduction device is capable of storing ammonia and of enabling the reaction of the ammonia with NOx. The reformer is capable of producing a reformate comprising hydrogen and nitrogen. The plasma reactor is capable of producing ammonia from the reformate, and is a thermal plasma reactor or a surface discharge non-thermal plasma reactor.

Abstract: A surface discharge non-thermal plasma reactor includes a plurality of surface discharge reactor elements arranged in a stack and having a surface discharge gap formed between adjacent pairs of elements. Individual surface discharge elements include a dielectric substrate having disposed thereon first and second polarity surface discharge electrodes. Surface discharge electrode patterns and substrate configurations are provided to selectively control the volume of nitric oxide (NO) produced from a nitrogen-containing gas stream being treated in the reactor. In a preferred embodiment, surface discharge electrode and dielectric substrate configurations are arranged to maximize the production of NO.

Abstract: A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprising a NOx occluding catalyst structure having an outer layer comprising an alkaline earth component and a rare earth component.

Abstract: A gas treatment system and method for using the same is disclosed. The gas treatment system, comprises: a non-thermal plasma reactor; and a catalyst composition disposed within said non-thermal plasma reactor, said catalyst composition comprising a MZr4(PO4)6, wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, ruthenium, silver, rhodium, osmium, iridium, and combinations comprising at least one of said foregoing metals. The process comprises exposing said gas to a plasma field and to the catalyst composition.

Abstract: One embodiment of a non-precious metal catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprises an alkali metal oxide component comprising lithium oxide, in combination with an alkaline earth support component, wherein the alkaline earth support component is an alkaline earth zeolite catalyst, an alkaline earth alumina catalyst, or a mixture thereof. Another embodiment of a non-precious metal catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprises a substrate supporting a coating having more than about 6 weight percent of a lithium oxide component in combination with less than about 49 weight percent of an barium zeolite catalyst component and less than about 42 weight percent of a barium alumina catalyst component and not more than about 7 weight percent of a ceramic oxide binder.

Abstract: A gas treatment system and method for using the same is disclosed. The gas treatment system, comprises: a non-thermal plasma reactor; and a catalyst composition disposed within said non-thermal plasma reactor, said catalyst composition comprising a MZr4(PO4)6, wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, ruthenium, silver, rhodium, osmium, iridium, and combinations comprising at least one of said foregoing metals. The process comprises exposing said gas to a plasma field and to the catalyst composition.

Abstract: A method for controlling exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine, a medium encoded with a machine-readable computer program code for controlling exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine and a system for controlling exhaust gases produced by an internal combustion engine is provided wherein the system includes a vehicle sensor and an engine control module and wherein the method includes obtaining a vehicle data signal responsive to the engine performance of the internal combustion engine, processing the vehicle data signal so as to formulate an engine operating parameter, wherein the engine operating parameter is responsive to the hydrocarbon content of the exhaust gases and controlling the fuel introduced into the internal combustion engine in a manner responsive to the engine operating parameter.

Abstract: A multiple zeolite catalyst mixture for purifying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, comprising: a first NO2 to N2 to conversion catalyst component; a second O3 conversion catalyst component; a third HC conversion catalyst component; a fourth N2O decomposition catalyst component; and, a fifth VOC reduction catalyst component; wherein the catalyst component mixture includes about 50 to 75 weight percent of the first and second catalyst components, and about 25 to 50 weight percent of the third, fourth, and fifth catalyst components.

Abstract: A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprising an alkaline earth/transition metal oxide component in combination with an alkaline earth/support component.

Abstract: A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprising a NOx occluding catalyst structure having an outer layer comprising an alkaline earth component and a rare earth component.

Abstract: A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprising an alkaline earth/transition metal oxide component in combination with an alkaline earth/support component.

Abstract: A catalyst for treating an exhaust gas stream comprising an alkali metal oxide component in combination with an alkaline earth/support component.

Abstract: A multiple zeolite catalyst mixture for purifying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, comprising: a first NO2 to N2 to conversion catalyst component; a second O3 conversion catalyst component; a third HC conversion catalyst component; a fourth N2O decomposition catalyst component; and, a fifth VOC reduction catalyst component; wherein the catalyst component mixture includes about 50 to 75 weight percent of the first and second catalyst components, and about 25 to 50 weight percent of the third, fourth, and fifth catalyst components.