Abstract: An improved biomass refining process is disclosed which is considerably more efficient and cost effective than conventional refining processes. The apparatus and method of the present invention employs superheated steam to dry the solid components and uses the excess steam generated in the drying step to concentrate the liquid components, solidify soluble components and expel noncondensible components. The present invention further employs improved Ammonia Freeze Explosion technology to further enhance the food value of biomass and the solid fiber components separated from the biomass during refining.

Abstract: A high-pressure hermetic compressor suitable for use in a zero-gravity environment. The compressor includes a solenoid, driven by a power supply, which causes a plunger to reciprocate in an internal space filled with hydraulic fluid. Such motion pressurizes the hydraulic fluid causing a diaphragm to distort. The deformation of the diaphragm compresses fluid in a compression chamber.