Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for managing interchangeable parking spaces is provided. A parking pool that includes a plurality of parking spaces, which are each interchangeably reservable by motorists, is formed. The parking spaces in the parking pool that are currently-occupied by other vehicles and any reservations by motorists to park their vehicles in the parking pool are identified. The number of the parking spaces in the parking pool free of the currently-occupied parking spaces and the parking spaces in the parking pool that will be used to fulfill the reservations, plus the time available for parking in the parking pool, are displayed.

Abstract: A trusted rendering system for use in a system for controlling the distribution and use of digital works. A trusted rendering system facilitates the protection of rendered digital works which have been rendered on a system which controls the distribution and use of digital works through the use of dynamically generated watermark information that is embedded in the rendered output. The watermark data typically provides information relating to the owner of the digital work, the rights associated with the rendered copy of the digital work and when and where the digital work was rendered. This information will typically aid in deterring or preventing unauthorized copying of the rendered work to be made. The system for controlling distribution and use of digital works provides for attaching persistent usage rights to a digital work. Digital works are transferred between repositories which are used to request and grant access to digital works.

Abstract: Digital work adapted to be distributed within a system for controlling at least one of the distribution and use of digital works. The digital work includes digital content representing a portion of a digital work suitable for being rendered by a rendering device and usage rights associated with the digital content. The usage rights specify a manner of use indicating one or more stated purposes for which the digital work can be at least one of used and distributed by an authorized party.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for system and method for providing just-in-time loading zone parking is provided. A next delivery destination for a delivery driver is determined. A just-in-time parking reservation at the next delivery destination is booked. The just-in-time parking reservation includes a parking location and start time. A time of arrival by the delivery driver at the parking location is estimated. An amount of time between the estimated time of arrival and the start time of the just-in-time parking reservation is determined. Parking in the parking location by other drivers is permitted when the estimated time of departure is sufficiently prior to the start time of the just-in-time parking reservation.

Abstract: A centralized server-based system and method for managing and reserving parking spaces capable of charging an EV, that is, a plug-in hybrid or fully electric vehicle, treats sets of parking spaces as interchangeable pooled resources. An EV motorist can book a reservation with charging of the EV by specifying parking in a desired location. Parking spaces serve dual uses for parking alone or parking with charging. The parking spaces are handled as a common parking pool, such as on one side of a city block, and each space has equal access to a charging station. The server determines charging capacity availability within a time window and the motorist can choose a parking time up to or beyond, if permitted, the maximum charging time needed to charge the EV. Non-EV motorists can similarly reserve parking within a parking pool with the server ensuring optimal use of charging capacity and parking spaces.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for managing interchangeable parking spaces is provided. A parking pool that includes a plurality of parking spaces, which are each interchangeably reservable by motorists, is formed. The parking spaces in the parking pool that are currently-occupied by other vehicles and any reservations by motorists to park their vehicles in the parking pool are identified. The number of the parking spaces in the parking pool free of the currently-occupied parking spaces and the parking spaces in the parking pool that will be used to fulfill the reservations, plus the time available for parking in the parking pool, are displayed.

Abstract: Apparatus, system, and media for utilizing content. An exemplary system comprises a first computing device and a second computing device, wherein the first computing device transmits a request for access to content to the second computing device, receives the content from the second computing device, and grants at least one permitted utilization of the content, and wherein the second computing device receives the request for access to content from the first computing device, determines whether the first second computing device is permitted to receive the content, grants access to the content based at least in part on the first computing device being permitted to receive the content, and transmits the content to the first computing device based at least in part on the first computing device being permitted to receive the content.

Abstract: Method, apparatus, and media for embedding a watermark in digital content. An exemplary method comprises receiving digital content in an encrypted form, receiving a decryption key associated with the digital content, receiving permitted use information specifying conditions under which the digital content is permitted to be rendered and indicating that a watermark is to be embedded in a rendered copy of the digital content, determining whether the conditions are satisfied, and rendering the digital content if the conditions are satisfied based on the determining, the rendering including generating a watermark based on the permitted use information and creating a rendered copy of the digital content having the watermark embedded therein.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for providing robust topic identification in social indexes is described. Electronically-stored articles and one or more indexes are maintained. Each index includes topics that each relate to one or more of the articles. A random sampling and a selective sampling of the articles are both selected. For each topic, characteristic words included in the articles in each of the random sampling and the selective sampling are identified. Frequencies of occurrence of the characteristic words in each of the random sampling and the selective sampling are determined. A ratio of the frequencies of occurrence for the characteristic words included in the random sampling and the selective sampling is identified. Finally, for each topic, a coarse-grained topic model is built, which includes the characteristic words included in the articles relating to the topic and scores assigned to those characteristic words.

Abstract: Apparatus, method, and computer-readable media for permitting use of content. An exemplary method comprises transmitting, while in a requester mode of operation, a transfer request message to at least one external computing devices, wherein the transfer request message indicates content to be transferred; receiving the content in accordance with a transfer right that indicates that the content is permitted to be transferred from at least one of the external computing devices, wherein the transfer right is updated based at least in part on the transfer of the content, and wherein the content is associated with a usage right, the usage right corresponding to a utilization of the content; and processing, while in a server mode of operation, a utilization request message for utilizing the content in accordance with the usage right associated with the content.

Abstract: A system and method for using banded topic relevance and time for article prioritization is provided. Articles of digital information and at least one social index are maintained. The social index includes topics that each relate to one or more of the articles. Fine-grained topic models matched to the digital information for each topic are retrieved. The articles are succinctly classified under the topics using the fine-grained topic models. Each of the articles is relevancy scored within the topic under which the article was classified. The articles are arranged into discrete bands by relevance score. The articles are temporally sorted within the discrete bands. The articles are presented within the discrete bands.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and media for controlling the use of a digital work in accordance with usage rights associated with the digital work. An exemplary server-side method comprises storing a description file associated with a content file of a digital work, the description file including usage rights for the content file, the usage rights indicating a permitted use for the content file of the digital work, communicating with a rendering device, receiving a request to render the content of the digital work originating from the rendering device, processing the request to render including enforcing the usage rights by granting or rejecting the request to render in accordance with the usage rights, and performing closing transaction steps upon detecting that the rendering device has finished rendering the content of the digital work.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and media for distributing digital content to at least one recipient computing device to be rendered by the at least one recipient computing device in accordance with usage rights information. An exemplary method comprises determining, by at least one sending computing device, if the at least one recipient computing device is trusted to receive the digital content from the at least one sending computing device, sending the digital content, by the at least one sending computing device, to the at least one recipient computing device only if the at least one recipient computing device has been determined to be trusted to receive the digital content from the at least one sending computing device, and sending usage rights information indicating how the digital content may be rendered by the at least one recipient computing device, the usage rights information being enforceable by the at least on recipient computing device.

Abstract: Methods and systems provide a computational assistance for interactive classification that compensates for the small size of computer screens and accelerates classification tasks. Similarity indicators reduce manual search by enabling information objects to “call out” automatically to encourage a sensemaker to place related items nearby. Similarity terms signal which groups or objects match and why they match. Using these techniques, an interactive classification tool can focus a sensemaker's attention, move things into view automatically, and provide shortcuts for automatic classification. These techniques speed up classification for rule-based classification, example-based classification, and mixed strategies and have the potential for application in a wide variety of sensemaking tools.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and media for rendering digital content by at least one recipient computing device in accordance with usage rights information. An exemplary method comprises receiving the digital content by the at least one recipient computing device from at least one sending computing device only if the at least one recipient computing device has been determined to be trusted to receive the digital content from the at least one sending computing device, receiving, by the at least one recipient computing device, a request to render the digital content, determining, based on the usage rights information, whether the digital content may be rendered by the at least one recipient computing device, and rendering the digital content, by the at least one recipient computing device, only if it is determined that the content may be rendered by the at least one recipient computing device.

Abstract: A system and method for providing default hierarchical training for social indexing is provided. Articles of digital information for social indexing are maintained. A hierarchically-structured tree of topics is specified. Each topic includes a label that includes one or more words. Constraints inherent in the literal structure of the topic tree are identified. For each topic in the topic tree, a topic model that includes at least one term derived from the words in at least one of the labels is created. The topic models for the topic tree are evaluated against the constraints. Those of the topic models, which best satisfy the constraints are identified.

Abstract: Apparatus, method, and media for participating in transactions between computing devices. An exemplary method comprises transmitting, to an external computing device, a registration identifier and a registration message including an identification certificate, receiving, from an external computing device, an authentication message to test the authenticity of a computing device, transmitting, to an external computing device, information validating the authenticity of a computing device in response to the receipt of the authentication message, and participating in a transaction with an external computing devices. The transaction may comprise generating a request for content, the request corresponding to a utilization of the content, determining whether the utilization corresponds to usage rights associated with the content, and granting access to the content in accordance with the usage rights based at least in part on a determination that the utilization corresponds to usage rights associated with the content.

Abstract: Apparatus, method, and media for participating in transactions between computing devices. An exemplary method comprises receiving a registration identifier and a registration message including an identification certificate, verifying the identity of an external computing device by verifying the identification certificate, transmitting an authentication message to test the authenticity of an external computing device, validating the authenticity of an external computing device based at least in part on information received in response to the transmission of the authentication message, and participating in a transaction with an external computing device.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and media for rendering digital content by at least one recipient computing device in accordance with usage rights information. An exemplary method comprises receiving the digital content by the at least one recipient computing device from at least one sending computing device only if the at least one recipient computing device has been determined to be trusted to receive the digital content from the at least one sending computing device, receiving, by the at least one recipient computing device, a request to render the digital content, determining, based on the usage rights information, whether the digital content may be rendered by the at least one recipient computing device, and rendering the digital content, by the at least one recipient computing device, only if it is determined that the content may be rendered by the at least one recipient computing device.

Abstract: Apparatus, method, and media for enforcing utilization of content. An exemplary method comprises receiving a request to utilize content, the request corresponding to a utilization of the content, determining whether the utilization corresponds to at least one usage right associated with the content, wherein the usage rights include status information relating to the state of the utilization of the content, the status information including a history list comprising information associated with events relating to the content, determining whether the request should be granted based at least in part on whether the utilization corresponds to at least one of the usage rights, and enforcing utilization of the content in accordance with the at least one of the usage rights that is determined to correspond to the utilization based at least in part on a determination that the request should be granted.