Abstract: A method of binding a device to an authority comprising reading pre-determined data corresponding to characteristics of the device. The method includes obtaining a pseudo-random number and combining it with the pre-determined data to generate a base number. The method includes downloading an application that performs a cryptographic function on the base number to generates a secure identifier of the device, and storing the secure identifier in a memory of the device. The method includes providing the secure identifier of the device to the authority to bind the device to the authority.

Abstract: Techniques are provided to generate a secure communication for use in a transaction. In some embodiments, a user device is provided a first set of encryption keys associated with one or more authorizing entities. The user device may, prior to or during a transaction, receive one or more second encryption keys related to a second party to the transaction. In some embodiments, the one or more second encryption keys may be provided to the user device via a local communication means. Once the user device has been provided with transaction details, it may generate a transaction request using the multiple encryption keys that it has been provided, such that portions of the message are encrypted using different encryption keys.