Abstract: A bovine estrus detection device includes a generally rectangular base having sides and ends, the base having a predetermined length and a predetermined width, and the width being less than the length, the base having a first side and. a second side. The first side of the base has a central region having a first color and end regions having a second color. The second color is different from the first color. An adhesive is disposed on the second side of the base for coupling the base to a female cow or heifer. A removable coating is disposed over the first side of the base. The removable coating is exposed for contact by male or female cows mounting the female cow or heifer to which the device is attached. The coating is adapted to being removed by mounting male or female cows, whereby the first and second colors become visible. Exposure of the first color in the central region is an. accurate predictor of activation and estrus.

Abstract: A spray apparatus adapted to be connected to a fluid supply such as a syringe to spray a predetermined pattern of spray fluid to a target area such as the tissues of an animal or human. The sprayer delivers a predetermined dose of a medicament, vaccine or the like to the nasal or other cavity of an animal or human patient. The sprayer includes a base member and a cap member which is connected to the base member. The base member is connectible to the fluid supply. Spray is discharged from the distal or outward end of the cap member. The base member has a central, longitudinal lumen having a predetermined configuration. Fluid traverses the lumen and is discharged through a central aperture of the cap, which also has a predetermined configuration. The cap central lumen and spray discharge aperture are aligned with the base lumen.

Abstract: A bovine estrus detection device includes a generally rectangular base having sides and ends, the base having a predetermined length and a predetermined width, and the width being less than the length, the base having a first side and. a second side. The first side of the base has a central region having a first color and end regions having a second color. The second color is different from the first color. An adhesive is disposed on the second side of the base for coupling the base to a female cow or heifer. A removable coating is disposed over the first side of the base. The removable coating is exposed for contact by male or female cows mounting the female cow or heifer to which the device is attached. The coating is adapted to being removed by mounting male or female cows, whereby the first and second colors become visible. Exposure of the first color in the central region is an. accurate predictor of activation and estrus.

Abstract: A doser including one or more cartridges for holding one or more products. The cartridge has a body defining a cavity for holding the products, a nozzle disposed on the body and connected to the cavity for dispensing the product from the cavity, and a piston arranged to move within the cavity to propel the product from the cavity into the nozzle. The cartridge also has a cap removably coupled to the cartridge for protecting the nozzle. Lastly, the doser has a dispenser for holding the cartridge or cartridges which actuates the piston, and removes the cap from the cartridge, so that the product is dispensed from the cartridge.

Abstract: A doser including one or more cartridges for holding one or more products. The cartridge has a body defining a cavity for holding the products, a nozzle disposed on the body and connected to the cavity for dispensing the product from the cavity, and a piston arranged to move within the cavity to propel the product from the cavity into the nozzle. The cartridge also has a cap removably coupled to the cartridge for protecting the nozzle. Lastly, the doser has a dispenser for holding the cartridge or cartridges which actuates the piston, and removes the cap from the cartridge, so that the product is dispensed from the cartridge.

Abstract: A lick deterrent device to deter animals from biting or chewing. The deterrent device has a flexible substrate physically conformable in three directions with conductive traces thereon. The lick deterrent device is configured for electrical connection to a removable power source. The traces are configured so that they may be contacted by an animal's tongue or saliva, so that upon contact, an electrical circuit is completed thereby delivering a mild electric shock to the animal. The lick deterrent device may be stretchable in at least one direction.

Abstract: An applicator for use in the veterinary medical field for spraying vaccines and other medicaments, biologicals or other liquids and compositions intra-rectally. The applicator has an elongated, hollow tubular body with a connector at its proximal end for connection to a fluid supply and a curved distal end tip with a pair of apertures for dispersing fluid by spraying action.

Abstract: A lick deterrent device to deter animals from biting or chewing. The deterrent device has a flexible substrate physically conformable in three directions with conductive traces thereon. The lick deterrent device is configured for electrical connection to a removable power source. The traces are configured so that they may be contacted by an animal's tongue or saliva, so that upon contact, an electrical circuit is completed thereby delivering a mild electric shock to the animal. The lick deterrent device may be stretchable in at least one direction.

Abstract: A lick deterrent device to deter animals from biting or chewing. The deterrent device has a flexible substrate physically conformable in three directions with conductive traces thereon. The lick deterrent device is configured for electrical connection to a removable power source. The traces are configured so that they may be contacted by an animal's tongue or saliva, so that upon contact, an electrical circuit is completed thereby delivering a mild electric shock to the animal. The lick deterrent device may be stretchable in at least one direction.

Abstract: A heat sterizable, independent dental water supply apparatus has a hand piece control head and a water supply container removably connected to the control head. The apparatus in connectible with a dental, hand piece, an air source and a controller such as a dental foot pedal. In use, the apparatus supplies sterile irrigation water at the hand piece under the control of a dental practitioner. The apparatus is particularly useful of oral surgeons, prosthodontists and other dental specialists. Methods of making and using the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A spray apparatus adapted to be connected to a fluid supply such as a syringe to spray a predetermined pattern of spray fluid to a target area such as the tissues of an animal or human. The sprayer is particularly well suited to delivering a predetermined dose of a medicament, vaccine or the like to the nasal or other cavity of an animal or human patient. The sprayer includes a base member and a cap member which is connected to the base member. The base member is connectible to the fluid supply. Spray is discharged from the distal or outward end of the cap member. The base member has a central, longitudinal lumen having a predetermined configuration. Fluid traverses the lumen and is discharged through a central aperture of the cap, which also has a predetermined configuration. The cap central lumen and spray discharge aperture are aligned with the base lumen. Methods of use, including animal vaccination, and manufacture are also disclosed.