Abstract: An electrocatalyst composition comprising one or more electrically conductive particles of one or more of carbon black, activated carbon, and graphite with one or more catalysts of a macrocycle and a metal adhered and/or bonded to the outer surface of the particles. The catalyst can be comprised, for example, of one or more of acetylacetonate and phthalocyanine and a metal. The metal component used in the electrocatalyst composition is comprised of one or more of iron, nickel, zinc, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, copper, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridum, platinum and gold. An ionic transfer membrane having a layer of the electrocatalyst thereon is disposed in a fuel cell in communication with and between current collectors.

Abstract: A method of connecting a generally flat battery lead to at least one flat current collector of a polymer battery, comprising the steps of: bending a generally planar lead about at least one generally planar current collector tab to form a layered area, wherein at least one planar tab is disposed between planar portions of the lead with the lead wrapped around one edge of at least one tab; clamping the layered area between two weld fixtures of an ultrasonic welder; and vibrating the weld fixtures to ultrasonically weld together the battery lead and at least one current collector tab.

Abstract: A method of connecting a generally flat battery lead to at least one flat current collector of a polymer battery, comprising the steps of: bending a generally planar lead about at least one generally planar current collector tab to form a layered area, wherein at least one planar tab is disposed between planar portions of the lead with the lead wrapped around one edge of at least one tab; clamping the layered area between two weld fixtures of an ultrasonic welder; and vibrating the weld fixtures to ultrasonically weld together the battery lead and at least one current collector tab.

Abstract: A separator for a Li-ion polymer battery comprised of a plurality of separator layers that are laminated together. The plurality of separator layers including a first layer formed of a first separator material, and a second layer formed of a second separator material, wherein the second layer is compositionally and structurally different from the first layer.

Abstract: A separator for a Li-ion polymer battery comprised of a plurality of separator layers that are laminated together. The plurality of separator layers including a first layer formed of a first separator material, and a second layer formed of a second separator material, wherein the second layer is compositionally and structurally different from the first layer.

Abstract: An IC card comprising an electronic device and a battery within a plastic card for electrically energizing the electronic device. The battery is comprised of a monolithic electrochemical cell having a lithium-containing cathode, a carbon anode, and a porous polymer separator infused with electrolyte solution. The cell has a thickness of less than 0.7 mm. A package containing the cell formed of a sheet of flexible laminate material having at least one metal foil layer and a layer of an adhesive-like polymeric material. The battery has an overall thickness of less than 0.8 mm.

Abstract: A method of forming a seal between a lead on a battery cell and flexible packaging enclosing the cell that comprises the steps of chemically cleaning at least a portion of a lead of a battery; roughening the surface of the portion of a lead to increase the surface area thereof; coating the entire periphery of the portion of a lead with a layer of a first polymeric material; the coating having a minimum thickness about equal to the thickness of the lead; positioning the portion of the lead between two flexible laminate sheets, the laminate sheets each having a layer of a second polymeric material, the laminate sheets being positioned to engage each other wherein the portion of the lead is disposed between the polymeric layers of the flexible laminate sheet; and applying sufficient heat and pressure to the flexible laminate sheets to soften the polymeric layers on the flexible laminate to cause the polymer layers to flow around and completely coat the layer of polymeric material on the lead.

Abstract: A flexible laminate for packaging a polymer electrolytic cell or battery, comprising: a first metallic foil layer; a second metallic foil layer; an intermediate separation layer disposed between the first and second metallic foil layers, the intermediate separation layer establishing a predetermined spacing between the first layer metallic foil and the second metallic foil layer; a first layer formed of a first self-sealing polymer on the first metallic foil layer.

Abstract: A method of packaging a rectangular electrolytic battery, comprising the steps of forming a sleeve from a flat, rectangular sheet of a laminate material by overlapping and joining opposite edges of the sheet; inserting a rectangular battery into one end of the sleeve, the battery having two electronic contacting leads extending from one side thereof and the battery being positioned within the sleeve wherein a portion of the leads is within the sleeve and a portion of the leads is outside said sleeve; joining the ends of the sleeve to form a seal along each end thereof, hermetically sealing the interior of the sleeve, one end of the sleeve forming a seal about the leads and the other end of the sleeve sealed adjacent the battery.

Abstract: A method of securing a metal lead of a polymer battery to a flexible circuit, comprising the steps of positioning a metal lead of a polymer electrolyte battery onto a connection pad of a circuit; clamping the metal lead and the connection pad between two weld fixtures of an ultrasonic welder; compressing the metal lead and connection pad between the two weld fixtures to establish a pressure of about 44.9 psi to about 30.8 psi; and vibrating the weld fixtures at a frequency of about 20 kHz for about 0.1 seconds to about 2.0 seconds.

Abstract: Polymers, oligomers or copolymers, having a dendrimer structure and containing electronegative heteroatoms, such as etheric oxygens, capable of complexing with cationic species, for use in ionically-conductive polymeric electrolytes, Relatively high ambient conductivity is a feature of such electrolytes.