Abstract: Optical lenses and associated luminaire are described herein. In one aspect, a lens comprises a light receiving side comprising grooves for receiving light emitting diodes, the grooves defined by a central refractive region and walls comprising total internal reflection faces; and a light extraction side opposite the light receiving side, the light extraction side comprising refractive extraction surfaces, total internal reflection extraction surfaces, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, luminaire comprises an array of light emitting diodes; and the lens positioned over the array of light emitting diodes.

Abstract: Optical lenses and associated luminaire are described herein. In one aspect, a lens comprises a light receiving side comprising grooves for receiving light emitting diodes, the grooves defined by a central refractive region and walls comprising total internal reflection faces; and a light extraction side opposite the light receiving side, the light extraction side comprising refractive extraction surfaces, total internal reflection extraction surfaces, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, luminaire comprises an array of light emitting diodes; and the lens positioned over the array of light emitting diodes.

Abstract: In one aspect, a lens comprises a light receiving side comprising grooves for receiving light emitting diodes, the grooves defined by refractive walls. The lens also comprises a light extraction side opposite the light receiving side, the light extraction side comprising refractive extraction surfaces diverging light from a central axis of the lens. In some embodiments, the refractive walls of the grooves work in conjunction with the refractive extraction surfaces to diverge light from the central axis of the lens. In some embodiments, luminaire comprises an array of light emitting diodes; and the lens positioned over the array of light emitting diodes.

Abstract: A lens comprises a light receiving side comprising grooves for receiving light emitting diodes, the grooves defined by a central refractive region and walls comprising total internal reflection faces; and a light extraction side opposite the light receiving side, the light extraction side comprising refractive extraction surfaces, total internal reflection extraction surfaces, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, luminaire comprises an array of light emitting diodes, and the lens positioned over the array of light emitting diodes.

Abstract: In one aspect, a lens comprises a light receiving side comprising grooves for receiving light emitting diodes, the grooves defined by refractive walls. The lens also comprises a light extraction side opposite the light receiving side, the light extraction side comprising refractive extraction surfaces diverging light from a central axis of the lens. In some embodiments, the refractive walls of the grooves work in conjunction with the refractive extraction surfaces to diverge light from the central axis of the lens. In some embodiments, luminaire comprises an array of light emitting diodes; and the lens positioned over the array of light emitting diodes.

Abstract: A lens comprises a light receiving side comprising grooves for receiving light emitting diodes, the grooves defined by a central refractive region and walls comprising total internal reflection faces; and a light extraction side opposite the light receiving side, the light extraction side comprising refractive extraction surfaces, total internal reflection extraction surfaces, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, luminaire comprises an array of light emitting diodes, and the lens positioned over the array of light emitting diodes.

Abstract: A protection mechanism for force-based touch sensitive input panels or displays comprising a “snap dome”, e.g., a semi-rigid pliable dome positioned over each sensor for increased overload protection. The snap dome is unidirectionally-resilient to a known point of collapse. It therefore imparts a predetermined resistance to compression over a known range of travel along the z-axis, but is unyielding along the x- and y-axis. As the touch panel is depressed toward the standoff, the snap dome resists compression until it collapses, allowing the touch panel to encounter the standoff. The standoff then imparts dead-stop overload force protection to the sensors. This allows for the placement of mechanical stops (such as stop screws) with a less exacting tolerance. Moreover, the snap domes introduce no x- or y-axis force losses/increases, and do not cause tilting of the touch panel. The touch force remains perfectly perpendicular and accuracy is preserved.

Abstract: A suspension system for a differential-pressure touch sensitive panel suspended over force sensors, for use in either fixed or mobile devices such as point of sales terminals, kiosks, laptops, monitors, PDAs, cell phones, UMPCs and more. In one embodiment, a number of leaf springs are attached directly to the touch lens at both ends and attached directly to the underlying housing at the center, effectively pulling the leaf spring down at the center into a concave arc. The spring bias preloads the touch lens downward against the force sensors. The leaf springs bring the touch lens into a fixed state in the xy-plane and resist translation; however, the touch lens remains free to float against the bias of the leaf spring(s) without any frictional physical contact along the z-axis.

Abstract: A suspension system for mounting a touch surface of a pressure sensitive touch display or panel. The suspension system comprises a frame and a flexible suspension membrane connected to the touch surface and the frame, the membrane allowing frictionless movement of the touch surface along the z-axis and resisting movement of the touch surface within the x-y plane. At least one force sensor is connected beneath the touch surface, whereby the touch surface is pre-loaded against the at least one force sensor.

Abstract: A suspension system for a differential-pressure touch sensitive panel suspended over force sensors, for use in either fixed or mobile devices such as point of sales terminals, kiosks, laptops, monitors, PDAs, cell phones, UMPCs and more. In one embodiment, a number of leaf springs are attached directly to the touch lens at both ends and attached directly to the underlying housing at the center, effectively pulling the leaf spring down at the center into a concave arc. The spring bias preloads the touch lens downward against the force sensors. The leaf springs bring the touch lens into a fixed state in the xy-plane and resist translation; however, the touch lens remains free to float against the bias of the leaf spring(s) without any frictional physical contact along the z-axis.

Abstract: A protection mechanism for force-based touch sensitive input panels or displays comprising a “snap dome”, e.g., a semi-rigid pliable dome positioned over each sensor for increased overload protection. The snap dome is unidirectionally-resilient to a known point of collapse. It therefore imparts a predetermined resistance to compression over a known range of travel along the z-axis, but is unyielding along the x- and y-axis. As the touch panel is depressed toward the standoff, the snap dome resists compression until it collapses, allowing the touch panel to encounter the standoff. The standoff then imparts dead-stop overload force protection to the sensors. This allows for the placement of mechanical stops (such as stop screws) with a less exacting tolerance. Moreover, the snap domes introduce no x- or y-axis force losses/increases, and do not cause tilting of the touch panel. The touch force remains perfectly perpendicular and accuracy is preserved.

Abstract: A suspension system for mounting a touch surface of a pressure sensitive touch display or panel. The suspension system comprises a frame and a flexible suspension membrane connected to the touch surface and the frame, the membrane allowing frictionless movement of the touch surface along the z-axis and resisting movement of the touch surface within the x-y plane. At least one force sensor is connected beneath the touch surface, whereby the touch surface is pre-loaded against the at least one force sensor.