Abstract: An improved magnetic propulsion system with a Linear Polarity Switching (LPS) series having a plurality of magnets that are magnetically and polarity orientated structurally and arranged to form forces of magnetic fields and polarity orientations of antithetical flux actions at one end that attract and repel at the other end against London Spinal Assemblage (LSA) configurations having a plurality of magnets that are magnetically and polarity orientated structurally and arranged to form forces of magnetic fields and polarity orientations of flux that attracts and repels the connections to enable a train or a load as a retrofit, along the XZ-plane of the fixed LPS series to have initial momentum at rest, continuous object acceleration or deceleration, and braking.

Abstract: An improved magnetic transportation system comprised of Halbach array systems and London Assemblage systems having a plurality of magnets that are magnetically and structurally arranged to form a magnetic field of flux that attracts and repels the connections to enable loads on the xz-axis to levitate at rest, during object acceleration or deceleration, and at high-speeds, as well as on the yz-axis enable initial propulsion and for lateral stabilization on the xz/yz-axis.

Abstract: An improved magnetic transportation system comprised of Halbach array systems and London Assemblage systems having a plurality of magnets that are magnetically and structurally arranged to form a magnetic field of flux that attracts and repels the connections to enable loads on the xz-axis to levitate at rest, during object acceleration or deceleration, and at high-speeds, as well as on the yz-axis enable initial propulsion and for lateral stabilization on the xz/yz-axis.

Abstract: In a method for measuring the level of liquid cryogen in a cryogen vessel, a current pulse is applied to a cryogen level probe includes an ignition current pulse part of sufficient magnitude to ensure that a resistive front propagates down the probe to below the liquid cryogen surface; a recovery current pulse part allowing that part of the superconducting wire below the surface of the liquid cryogen to return to a superconducting state; and a measurement current pulse part of sufficient magnitude and duration to allow an accurate measurement of the superconducting wire's resistance to be measured.

Abstract: In a method for measuring the level of liquid cryogen in a cryogen vessel, a current pulse is applied to a cryogen level probe includes an ignition current pulse part of sufficient magnitude to ensure that a resistive front propagates down the probe to below the liquid cryogen surface; a recovery current pulse part allowing that part of the superconducting wire below the surface of the liquid cryogen to return to a superconducting state; and a measurement current pulse part of sufficient magnitude and duration to allow an accurate measurement of the superconducting wire's resistance to be measured.