Abstract: This invention relates to heating apparatus and methods with particular applications for growing a nanofibre, and to nanotips fabricated by such methods and apparatus. Embodiments of the invention can be implemented to provide nanotips for electron gun sources and scanning probe microscopy. A nanotip fabrication apparatus includes a heater for heating an object in the presence of an electric field. The heater comprises: a substantially planar electrically conductive heating element configured to define at least one aperture; a support to mount the heated object such that it protrudes through said aperture; and at least one electrical connection to said heating element. In use, the heating element can be biased by said at least one electrical connection such that the electric field in the vicinity of the object is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the element.