Abstract: A shared ledger of transactions may be used for various purposes and may be later accessed by interested parties for ledger verification. Authenticity of transactions requires active measures to ensure transaction participants including parties to the transactions, observers to the transaction, etc., are providing accurate information for each transaction. One example method of operation may include one or more of performing one or more transactions between a subset of participants of a shared ledger system or subsystem which includes the subset of participants and witnesses assigned to the subset of participants, and synchronizing the one or more transactions exclusively by the subset of participants and the assigned witnesses, so the one or more of the transactions between the subset of participants exist with no common witnesses.

Abstract: A shared ledger of transactions may be used for various purposes and may be later accessed by interested parties for ledger verification. Authenticity of transactions requires active measures to ensure transaction participants including parties to the transactions, observers to the transaction, etc., are providing accurate information for each transaction.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and system for constructing a dynamic knowledge base of software usage patterns. A user action is monitored to identify one or more user action sequences. A common action sequence for the user action is identified, based on the one or more user action sequences. An instructional information resource is identified that corresponds to the common action resource, wherein the instructional information resource is accessed by the user. A database is constructed based on the common action sequence. The database organizes the common action sequences and instruction information resource. The instructional information resource is determined to be above a threshold based on the number of times the user consults the instructional information resource.

Abstract: According to an aspect, conceptual analysis of a document includes accessing a concept graph that includes a plurality of nodes and edges. Each node represents a concept and each edge represents a known relation between two concepts. Conceptual analysis of the document further includes computing a relevance of the document to concepts in the concept graph. The computing includes receiving a priori information about the document including concepts extracted from the document. The concepts extracted from the document include a subset of the concepts in the concept graph. The computing also includes combining the a priori information and the concept graph to generate a posteriori information that indicates a likelihood that the document is related to each of the concepts in the concept graph.

Abstract: According to an aspect, storing and querying conceptual indices (CIs) includes creating a conceptual inverted index (CII) from the CIs. The CII includes CII entries, each of which corresponds to a concept in a concept graph. Creating the CII includes populating each entry with pointers to documents selected from the CIs having likelihoods of being related to the concept that are greater than a threshold value, and the corresponding likelihoods. An aspect also includes receiving a query that includes a concept in the concept graph, and generating query results from a search that include the row at least a subset of the pointers to documents. Each of the CIs is associated with a corresponding document and includes a CI entry for each concept in the concept graph, and each of the CI entries specifies a value indicating a likelihood that the document is related to the concept in the concept graph.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel solar collecting assembly that in which more than one mirror and/or photovoltaic is linked mechanically so that many mirrors share a few actuators, rather than equipping each mirror with individual actuators. One example includes a set of structures, such as poles or pipes. Each of the support structures has a first end and a second end, and each of the support structures is associated with at least one solar collecting assembly. A first set of cables is arranged to move the solar collecting assemblies in a first direction, each of the first set of cables includes a set of first alignment fittings disposed thereon. The first end of each of the solar collecting assemblies is attached to one of the first alignment fittings in the first set of cables. A second set of cables arranged to move the solar collecting assemblies in a second direction.

Abstract: According to an aspect, summarizing relevance of a document to a conceptual query includes receiving the conceptual query, accessing concepts extracted from the document, and computing a degree to which the conceptual query is related to each of the extracted concepts. The computing is responsive to a metric that measures a relevance between the concepts in the conceptual query and the extracted concepts. The method also includes creating a summary by selecting a threshold number of the concepts having a greatest degree of relation to the conceptual query, and outputting the summary including the selected threshold number of concepts.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and system for constructing a dynamic knowledge base of software usage patterns. A user action is monitored to identify one or more user action sequences. A common action sequence for the user action is identified, based on the one or more user action sequences. An instructional information resource is identified that corresponds to the common action resource, wherein the instructional information resource is accessed by the user. A database is constructed based on the common action sequence. The database organizes the common action sequences and instruction information resource. The instructional information resource is determined to be above a threshold based on the number of times the user consults the instructional information resource.

Abstract: According to an aspect, conceptual analysis of a document includes accessing a concept graph that includes a plurality of nodes and edges. Each node represents a concept and each edge represents a known relation between two concepts. Conceptual analysis of the document further includes computing a relevance of the document to concepts in the concept graph. The computing includes receiving a priori information about the document including concepts extracted from the document. The concepts extracted from the document include a subset of the concepts in the concept graph. The computing also includes combining the a priori information and the concept graph to generate a posteriori information that indicates a likelihood that the document is related to each of the concepts in the concept graph.

Abstract: According to an aspect, storing and querying conceptual indices (CIs) includes creating a conceptual inverted index (CII) from the CIs. The CII includes CII entries, each of which corresponds to a concept in a concept graph. Creating the CII includes populating each entry with pointers to documents selected from the CIs having likelihoods of being related to the concept that are greater than a threshold value, and the corresponding likelihoods. An aspect also includes receiving a query that includes a concept in the concept graph, and generating query results from a search that include at least a subset of the pointers to documents. Each of the CIs is associated with a corresponding document and includes a CI entry for each concept in the concept graph, and each of the CI entries specifies a value indicating a likelihood that the document is related to the concept in the concept graph.

Abstract: According to an aspect, automatically adding new concepts to a concept graph includes receiving a string of text, searching a corpus of data to locate additional text related to the string of text, and extracting concepts from the additional text. The extracted concepts include a subset of concepts in the concept graph. The adding new concepts also includes determining whether the string of text should be linked to an existing concept in the concept graph, performing the linking based on determining that the string of text should be linked to the existing concept in the concept graph and, based on determining that the string of text should not be linked to an existing concept in the concept graph, adding a new concept to the concept graph. The new concept is associated with the string of text.

Abstract: Preventing unintended distribution of audio information may comprise analyzing audio data of a speaker's speech received by a microphone; determining automatically by a processor, from the analyzing whether the speaker's speech is intended to be distributed to an audience via the microphone; and in response to determining that the speaker's speech is not intended to be distributed to the audience via the microphone, performing one or more actions.

Abstract: Preventing unintended distribution of audio information may comprise analyzing audio data of a speaker's speech received by a microphone; determining automatically by a processor, from the analyzing whether the speaker's speech is intended to be distributed to an audience via the microphone; and in response to determining that the speaker's speech is not intended to be distributed to the audience via the microphone, performing one or more actions.

Abstract: According to an aspect, summarizing relevance of a document to a conceptual query includes receiving the conceptual query, accessing concepts extracted from the document, and computing a degree to which the conceptual query is related to each of the extracted concepts. The computing is responsive to a metric that measures a relevance between the concepts in the conceptual query and the extracted concepts. An aspect also includes creating a summary by selecting a threshold number of the concepts having a greatest degree of relation to the conceptual query, and outputting the summary including the selected threshold number of concepts.

Abstract: Historic and current development data associated with the project may be gathered. A catalog of patterns, each pattern associated with a data measure and an analysis routine capable of detecting the pattern according to the data measure in a given data set may be obtained. A pattern describes a particular indication in the historical and development data, which arises one or more of, at a discrete point in time or over a period of time. The analysis routine may be applied to the historic and current development data. A notification may be issued responsive to identifying the pattern in the historic and current development data. The applying and the issuing may be performed for each pattern in the catalog of patterns.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for communicating information in a data structure between applications. According to the method, a description of a data structure is sent from a first application to a second application, and there is received from the second application an identification of at least one portion of the data structure that is requested by the second application. The first application marshals a subset of the data structure consisting of the at least one portion that was identified, and there is sent from the first application to the second application the marshalled subset of the data structure.

Abstract: Incorporating user insights in predicting, diagnosing and remediating problems that threaten on-time delivery of a project may comprise gathering information. The information may be conveyed to one or more users. A user may be allowed to input a new value associated with the project, the new value assessed based on the information and representing an expert assessment of the information. The user may be allowed to also indicate a period of time the user considers the information to be applicable. The new value and the period of time may be incorporated into data used in a prediction algorithm that predicts probability distribution of completion time of the project as the project is progressing.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for communicating information in a data structure between applications. According to the method, a description of a data structure is sent from a first application to a second application, and there is received from the second application an identification of at least one portion of the data structure that is requested by the second application. The first application marshals a subset of the data structure consisting of the at least one portion that was identified, and there is sent from the first application to the second application the marshalled subset of the data structure.

Abstract: A user may be allowed to specify a change in one or more parameter data associated with the project, the one or more parameter data used previously to compute a probability distribution of completion time of the project. The probability distribution of completion time of the project may be recomputed based on the change. The recomputed probability distribution of the completion time of the project may be presented. An option to save the recomputed probability distribution may be provided. An option may be provided to specify another change in one or more parameter data associated with the project and repeat the recomputing and the presenting procedures based on another change in one or more parameter data associated with the project.

Abstract: A graphical interface module may provide a set of graphical presentations comprising at least: a Likelihood of Delivery chart showing a probability distribution of predicted delivery dates; a Delivery Date Risk Trend chart showing how the completion time for the project predicted according to the Likelihood of Delivery chart has changed over time; and a Burndown chart that shows at least work-items of planned work for the project. Each of the Likelihood of Delivery chart, the Delivery Date Risk Trend chart, and the Burndown chart has a timeline axis.