Abstract: The invention comprises a method for responding to an official office action referencing a pending claim, in a set of pending claims, with an associated specification and a cited reference, comprising the steps of: inputting into a patent model at least the pending claim, the patent model comprising an artificial neural network implemented on a computer system; amending the pending claim to form an amended claim; assessing, with the patent model, the amended claim in terms of allowability; repeating the steps of amending and assessing until the step of assessing indicates a reason for allowance of the amended claim; and generating, with the patent model, a response to the official office action, the response comprising the amended claim.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for assisting patent prosecution, comprising the steps of: inputting a claim idea to a patent prosecution model comprising an artificial neural network, the patent prosecution model comprising a computer-implemented model; drafting a set of claims to the claim idea with the patent prosecution model; generating for the set of claims, with the patent prosecution model, a first unofficial patent office action responsive to the set of claims in less than seven days, the first unofficial patent office action comprising: at least one rejection of at least one claim of the set of claims based on at least one section of Article 35 of the United States Code; and outputting, via an output system, the unofficial patent office action in a human readable form.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for prosecuting a patent application, comprising the steps of: generating a first unofficial office action to a set of claims with a patent prosecution model, the patent prosecution model comprising a computer implemented model and an artificial neural network; training, prior to the step of generating, the patent prosecution model with a supervised learning sequence, the supervised learning sequence comprising a time sequence of: submitted claims from a first patent file wrapper, a first analysis responsive to the submitted claims from the first patent file wrapper, and a first outcome to the submitted claims in the first patent file wrapper; replacing the first patent file wrapper with an unused file wrapper; and repeating both the step of training and the step of replacing at least one thousand times.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for prosecuting a claim in a patent application, comprising the steps of: inputting the claim into a patent model, the patent model comprising an artificial neural network implemented on a computer system, the claim comprising at least a first element and a second element of a set of elements; assessing, with the patent model, a set of publications in a datastore for the presence of each of the first element and the second element; and reporting, as an output from the patent model, an unofficial office action comprising a claim novelty assessment for the claim, the claim novelty assessment comprising a first citation, of a first publication, of the set of publications in the datastore, citing: (1) a first snippet teaching the first element and (2) a second snippet teaching the second element.

Abstract: The invention comprises a computer-implemented method for aiding patent prosecution, comprising the steps of: providing a set of claims to a patent model, the set of claims comprising a first claim associated with a provided specification; searching the first claim with the patent model, the patent model comprising a neural network implemented in software on a computer system, the step of searching yielding a search result; generating, with the patent model and the search result, an unofficial office action to at least the first claim, the unofficial office action comprising an unofficial rejection under article 35 U.S.C. § 102; producing, with the patent model, a response to the unofficial office action, the step of producing adding an element to the first claim; and outputting, via an output system, the response in a computer readable format.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for prosecuting a patent application, comprising the steps of: producing, with a computer implemented patent model implemented on a computer system, a first unofficial patent office action to a first patent claim, the computer implemented patent model comprising an artificial neural network comprising an output; generating a second unofficial patent office action to a second patent claim; and conditionally replacing, when a second number of unofficial article 35 U.S.C. rejections to the second patent claim is less than a first number of unofficial article 35 U.S.C. rejections to the first patent claim, both: (1) the first unofficial patent office action with the second unofficial patent office action and (2) the first patent claim with the second patent claim; and preferably repeating, at least ten times, the steps of: (1) generating and (2) conditionally replacing.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for prosecuting a claim in a patent application, comprising the steps of: inputting the claim as an input into a patent model, the patent model comprising an artificial neural network implemented on a computer system; determining, with the patent model, a cooperative patent classification associated with the claim; searching, with the patent model, a set of documents also associated with the classification; and outputting from the patent model at least a set of elements of a first document of the set of documents, the first document teaching a majority of a set of components of the claim.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for dispensing a biocide, comprising: a container and a biocide formulation in the container, the biocide formulation comprising: (1) the biocide and a solvent, the biocide comprising a protonated polymer comprising repeating charged units; (2) a total cationic charge density in a range of 0.005 to 0.95 meq/g, at least ten percent of the total cationic charge density from charges of non-quaternary amines of the protonated polymer; (3) an activity coefficient, ?, of a protonated site of the protonated polymer, of greater than 0.7; and (4) a counterion chloride concentration of less than 900 ppm.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for forming an antibacterial/antiviral material, comprising the steps of: dispensing a dose of dispensed contents from a container, the dose of dispensed contents comprising a cationic polymer, a solvent, cationic sites, and anionic sites, the cationic sites in the dose of dispensed contents comprising a total cationic charge; reducing a concentration of the solvent in the dose of dispensed contents by mass through evaporation; forming a film comprising the total cationic charge in a range of 0.001 to 10.0 coulombs per square inch, wherein polymer cationic sites of the cationic polymer of the dose comprises greater than sixty percent of the total cationic charge; and killing, with the film, in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) Z 2801 (2006) and/or ISO 22916.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a pathogen, comprising: a liquid formulation comprising: (1) a copolymer, the copolymer comprising: acylated monomers comprising a —COR1 group attached to a nitrogen of a —N—CH2—CH2— element, wherein R1 comprises an alkyl group; and protonated monomers comprising a —NH2+—CH2—CH2— group, the acylated monomers and the protonated monomers comprising any order in the copolymer; (2) a total cationic charge of the copolymer in a range of 0.4 to 15 C/cm3, the total cationic charge at least 98% offset by anionic counterions; and (3) an antipathogen property resultant in killing at least 99% of the pathogen within ten minutes of contact of the pathogen with the liquid formulation.

Abstract: A method is described for treating a pathogen, comprising the steps of: (1) polymerizing a 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline to form a poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline); (2) acidifying at least five percent of the poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) to form a first copolymer, the first copolymer comprising: a first monomer, the first monomer comprising an acyl group attached to a —N—CH2—CH2— group; and a second monomer, the second monomer comprising a —NH+—CH2—CH2— group; (3) forming a formulation comprising the first copolymer in a solvent, the formulation comprising a charge density of 0.2 to 10 C/mL; and (4) inactivating at least fifty percent of the pathogen within a ten minute window of a contact of the pathogen with the formulation.

Abstract: A method for treating a pathogen is described, comprising the steps of: acidifying, in a solution, a molecule, the molecule comprising an alkyl, the molecule comprising a poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) other than poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazaline, the step of acidifying forming an at least partially deacylated poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline), the at least partially deacylated poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) comprising an at least partially acidified state; adding at least one organic solvent to the solution to yield a formulation; tuning, for a protonated secondary amine of the at least partially deacylated poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline), the formulation to comprise an activity coefficient (?) in a range of 0.5 to 0.9999; and inactivating at least ninety percent of the pathogen within ten minutes of contact of the pathogen with the formulation.

Abstract: A method for treating a fungus, comprising the steps of: providing, in a formulation, a polyethylenimine at a pH of less than two, a majority of protonated sites on the polyethylenimine associated with chloride counterions; exchanging at least ten percent of the chloride counterions for hydroxide anions bound to an anion exchange material resultant in bound chloride ions on the anion exchange material; separating the anion exchange material from the solution, the step of separating resultant in at least a ten percent reduction of the chloride counterions associated with the polyethylenimine; and inactivating at least fifty percent of the fungus within ten hours through treatment of the fungus with the formulation.

Abstract: A method for treating a pathogen, comprising the steps of: forming a polyethylenimine with hydrochloric acid in a solution, the polyethylenimine comprising secondary amines, the secondary amines being at least partially protonated; adding sodium hydroxide to the solution of the polyethylenimine to increase a pH of the solution by at least one pH unit, such as to above 9; removing at least five percent of non-amine cations, such as sodium ions, in the solution from the solution; lowering the pH, subsequent to the step of removing, of the solution, such as to below 6, to yield a protonation level of the secondary amines in excess of fifty percent; and inactivating at least 50% of a bacteria within 10 minutes of contact of the bacteria with the solution.

Abstract: A method for treating a pathogen, comprising the steps of: polymerizing a molecule to form a polymer, the molecule comprising an alkyl in a molecule comprising a 2-alkyl-2-oxalozine other than a 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline; preparing a formulation comprising a derivative of the polymer and an organic solvent, the derivative comprising protonization of greater than ten percent of monomers of the polymer; and inactivating at least ninety percent of the pathogen within ten minutes of contact of the pathogen with the formulation.

Abstract: A method for treating a pathogen, comprising the steps of: (1) providing a polyethylenimine in a solution, the polyethylenimine comprising a total cationic charge of protonated secondary amines of the polyethylenimine, the solution comprising anionic counterions associated with the protonated secondary amines; (2) tuning a protonated site of the polyethylenimine, in a formulation of the solution containing ions, to an activity coefficient (?) in a range of 0.93 to 0.999; (3) forming from the formulation an antibacterial film, the antibacterial film comprising a mean thickness of less than 5 ?m and the total cationic charge of the protonated secondary amines in a range of 0.1 to 1.8 C/in2; and (4) inactivating greater than 99% of first bacteria within less than five minutes of contact with the antibacterial film.

Abstract: A method for treating pathogens on a substrate, comprising the steps of: providing a solid polyethylenimine in a basic pH form comprising protonated and unprotonated nitrogens, a ratio of the protonated nitrogens-to-the unprotonated nitrogens less than 5:95; solubilizing the solid polyethylenimine in a strong acid to form a solution of a polyethylenimine, the polyethylenimine comprising protonated nitrogen sites and counterions to the protonated nitrogen sites; removing at least ten percent of the strong acid from the solution; forming a formulation from the solution, the formulation further comprising at least one of ethanol and isopropyl alcohol; spraying the formulation onto the substrate to form a film, the film reducing activity of the first bacteria contacting the film by: greater than 9% and less than 99.99995% in less than three minutes; and greater than 99.99995% in less than seven days.

Abstract: A method for treating a substrate with a biocide, comprising the steps of: combining in a formulation: a salt of a polydiallyldimethylammonium, an organic solvent, and water; controlling a concentration of the polydiallyldimethyl-ammonium to greater than 50 mg per liter in the formulation to yield a self-spreading surface tension, of the formulation, of less than 50 mN/m; limiting, in the formulation, the concentration of the polydiallyldimethylammonium to less than 1500 mg per liter to yield a sprayable liquid comprising a viscosity of less than 250 centipoise; spraying the substrate with the formulation to yield an antibacterial film, the antibacterial film comprising: (1) 15 to 500 ?g per square inch of the polydiallyldimethylammonium; and inactivating, according to a test protocol of JIS X 2801 (2006), at least 90 percent of first bacteria with the antibacterial film.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating a substrate, comprising: an antimicrobial film, comprising: a partially protonated polyethylenimine in a range of 0.1 to 5 mg per square inch; a polydiallyldimethylammonium salt; chloride counterions; first conjugate base counterions of a first organic acid, the first conjugate base counterions comprising a first mass of 0.001 to 0.1 mg per square inch; second conjugate base counterions of a second organic acid, the second conjugate base counterions comprising a second mass of 0.05 to 1 mg per square inch; and a total cationic charge of the antimicrobial film in a range of 200 to 3000 C/m2, the total cationic charge countered by anions in the antimicrobial film, the antimicrobial film comprising an antimicrobial efficacy of greater than ninety percent according to PAS 2424:1024.

Abstract: A method for forming a biocidal film, comprising the steps of: forming a solution comprising a protonated polyalkylenimine, free chloride ions, and chloride counterions; removing at least fifty percent of the free chloride ions from the solution via density separation to yield a residual chloride concentration; reducing the residual chloride concentration by at least fifty percent with an anion exchange material; decreasing a percentage of protonated sites of the polyalkylenimine associated with the chloride counterions through addition of an organic acid to the solution; and forming, from the solution, the film with properties of: inactivating at least 99 percent of a first bacteria making contact with the film within one hour; and deactivating at least 99 percent of second bacteria within one hour, the second bacteria contacting the film at least one day later.