Abstract: Method and apparatus to provide simulation of a human casualty. In one embodiment an autonomous casualty simulator includes a processing module having a scenario progression controller and a physiological modeling system to receive sensor input and to control effectors. The autonomous casualty simulator can be contained in a nominal human mannequin form.

Abstract: The present invention provides an instrument and method for measuring the viscoelastic properties of vocal tissues. A contact tip is attached to the tissue of interest and the linearly oscillated. Some of the linear oscillation results in the application of shear force to the tissue. A position sensor and a force sensor send signals from the instrument to a processor that can be used to calculate material properties of the tissue being tested, such as viscoelastic constants. This instrument and related method can be of assistance for in vivo measurements of tissues for diagnosis or corrective surgery.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to provide simulation of a human casualty. In one embodiment an autonomous casualty simulator includes a processing module having a scenario progression controller and a physiological modeling system to receive sensor input and to control effectors. The autonomous casualty simulator can be contained in a nominal human mannequin form.

Abstract: A medical procedure training system includes a mannequin having internal and external anatomical characteristics, such as body contour and organs, derived from medical imaging of an actual patient. The system can includes an instrument tracking system for monitoring the position of an instrument in relation to the mannequin anatomical components, which can be registered in relation to a reference point.