Abstract: Systems and methods for treating a cognitive disease or disorder are provided. A treatment method comprises: selecting a target volume of brain tissue to be stimulated; identifying at least one avoidance volume of brain tissue; selecting a first stimulation lead comprising at least one stimulation element; identifying at least one proposed trajectory for placement of the first stimulation lead based on the target volume and the at least one avoidance volume; placing the first stimulation lead along a placement trajectory selected from the at least one proposed trajectory; attaching the first stimulation lead to a stimulator; and stimulating the target volume with the first stimulation lead at least one stimulation element to treat at least one of a cognitive disease or a cognitive disorder. Systems include a stimulator with one or more stimulation leads and an image analyzer for identifying a proposed trajectory for placing the stimulation leads.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating a cognitive disease or disorder are provided. A treatment method comprises: selecting a target volume of brain tissue to be stimulated; identifying at least one avoidance volume of brain tissue; selecting a first stimulation lead comprising at least one stimulation element; identifying at least one proposed trajectory for placement of the first stimulation lead based on the target volume and the at least one avoidance volume; placing the first stimulation lead along a placement trajectory selected from the at least one proposed trajectory; attaching the first stimulation lead to a stimulator; and stimulating the target volume with the first stimulation lead at least one stimulation element to treat at least one of a cognitive disease or a cognitive disorder. Systems include a stimulator with one or more stimulation leads and an image analyzer for identifying a proposed trajectory for placing the stimulation leads.

Abstract: Apparatus and method detect a detection cluster that is associated with a neurological event, such as a seizure, of a nervous system disorder and update therapy parameters that are associated with a treatment therapy. The occurrence of the detection cluster is detected when the maximal ratio exceeds an intensity threshold. If the maximal ratio drops below the intensity threshold for a time interval that is less than a time threshold and subsequently rises above the intensity threshold, the subsequent time duration is considered as being associated with the detection cluster rather than being associated with a different detection cluster. Consequently, treatment of the nervous system disorder during the corresponding time period is in accordance with one detection cluster. Treatment therapy may be provided by providing electrical stimulation, drug infusion or a combination.

Abstract: Apparatus and method detect a detection cluster that is associated with a neurological event, such as a seizure, of a nervous system disorder and update therapy parameters that are associated with a treatment therapy. The occurrence of the detection cluster is detected when the maximal ratio exceeds an intensity threshold. If the maximal ratio drops below the intensity threshold for a time interval that is less than a time threshold and subsequently rises above the intensity threshold, the subsequent time duration is considered as being associated with the detection cluster rather than being associated with a different detection cluster. Consequently, treatment of the nervous system disorder during the corresponding time period is in accordance with one detection cluster. Treatment therapy may be provided by providing electrical stimulation, drug infusion or a combination.

Abstract: A medical device system that includes a brain stimulating element, cardiac monitoring element and a processor. The processor is configured to receive a brain stimulation signal from the brain stimulating element and a cardiac signal from the cardiac monitoring element. The processor is further configured to determine at least one reference point for a stimulation event time period by evaluation of the brain stimulation signal. The processor further identifies a first portion of the cardiac signal based on the at least one reference point of the stimulation event time period.

Abstract: A medical device system and method for monitoring cardiac signal activity in patients with nervous system disorders. In some embodiments, a brain signal and a cardiac signal are received by a processor, brain events are identified in the brain signal, and the brain events are used to identify portions of the cardiac signal. In some embodiments, Event portions of the cardiac signal are identified corresponding to brain event time periods, and Inter-event portions are identified corresponding to time periods between brain events. An Inter-event heart-rate variability (HRV) calculation is performed using Inter-event portions of the cardiac signal, and an output of the medical device system is modified based upon the calculated Inter-event HRV according to certain embodiments of the invention. An Event HRV may also be calculated according to certain embodiments, and an output modified based on comparisons of the Event HRV to the Inter-event HRV, for example.

Abstract: Apparatus and techniques to address problems associated with lead migration, patient movement or position, histological changes, neural plasticity or disease progression. Disclosed are techniques for implanting a lead having therapy delivery elements, such as electrodes or drug delivery ports, within a vertebral or cranial bone so as to maintain these elements in a fixed position relative to a desired treatment site. The therapy delivery elements may thereafter be adjusted in situ with a position control mechanism and/or a position controller to improve the desired treatment, such as electrical stimulation and/or drug infusion to a precise target. The therapy delivery elements may be positioned laterally in any direction relative to the targeted treatment site or toward or away from the targeted treatment site. A control system maybe provided for open- or closed-loop feedback control of the position of the therapy delivery elements as well as other aspects of the treatment therapy.

Abstract: An implantable electrode system for establishing electrical contact with nerve tissue. The outer substrate of the electrode is a semi-rigid, body compatible, insulating material such as a chronically implantable polymer. The outer substrate is molded as a single structure having a central spine along the longitudinal axis of the electrode. A plurality of fingers extend orthogonally from the central spine, and are bent circularly about a radius of curvature approximating that of the nerve to be contacted. The fingers of the electrode are spread by the retractable channel of the insertion tool during the implant procedure. The retractable channel is placed over the selected nerve and a retraction knob on the handle of the insertion tool is moved in a proximal direction causing the electrode to be ejected on to the nerve. The handle of the insertion tool is curved to require a minimum of exposure of the nerve tissue.