Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electroporation system including a catheter shaft, at least one electrode coupled to the catheter shaft at a distal end thereof, and a signal generator. The signal generator is coupled in communication with the at least one electrode. The signal generator supplies a biphasic pulse to the at least one electrode, the biphasic pulse including a first phase having a first polarity, a first initial voltage amplitude, and a first pulse width. The biphasic pulse including a second phase having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity, a second initial voltage amplitude, and a second pulse width, wherein at least one of the first initial voltage amplitude or the first pulse width is different from the second initial voltage amplitude or the second pulse width, respectively. A leading edge of the second phase occurs after an interphase delay following a trailing edge of the first phase.

Abstract: Systems and methods for creating a digital twin of an infrastructure component. The digital twin is a computerized, three-dimensional model of the component, typically a pipe, created after manufacture but before installation. The digital twin can be saved on a computer-readable storage medium for later retrieval, and can be loaded into three-dimensional modeling software for manipulation and viewing from various angles and perspectives. The twin is created from a plurality of imaging systems capturing different surfaces or different aspects, whose measurements are mapped to a uniform coordinate system to generate a three-dimensional model. Other data may also be added to or stored with the digital twin, such as manufacturing specifications, photographic data, and current or historical inspection data. The digital twin may be viewed on a mobile device programmed to receive, display, and allow the user to view and manipulate the digital twin.

Abstract: Circuits and methods for extending the input common mode voltage range of a JFET op-amp are provided. The circuits and methods consist of modifying the input stage of a JFET op-amp to include a BJT pair as the input differential pair and use a JFET pair as followers. Using the BJTs as the input differential pair enables the JFET followers to operate in the linear region of operation when the op-amp's input is approaching ground, thereby increasing the negative common mode voltage range. The positive common mode voltage range is increased by reducing the source current in the JFET pair and using a transistor pair as clamping transistors.