Abstract: The apparatus for the non-invasive glucose detection comprises an electrical detection device (2) for measuring the response of the tissue or blood to an electric field at low frequencies below 1 MHz and at high frequencies above 10 MHz. The former is primarily dominated by skin hydration and sweat, while the latter contains contributions from the current glucose level. Combining the two signals allows an increased degree of accuracy. The apparatus further comprises a force or acceleration sensor (4, 5), which allows to detect the pressure of the apparatus against the skin and/or quick movements. Further sensor modules, such as a temperature sensor (6) or alternative perfusion sensor (7), improve the accuracy of the measured result.

Abstract: A parameter affecting the absorptivity or the concentration of blood in tissue is measured using a semiconductor light source (7) and a light detector (8). The semiconductor light source (7) is operated at several operating conditions, at which it has different temperatures and therefore different emission spectra. In particular, the operating conditions correspond to different time intervals after switching the light source (7) on, while the light source (7) has not yet reached thermal equilibrium. This allows to perform a spectroscopic measurement using one light source only, which increases accuracy and reduces device cost.

Abstract: A method and device for determining the glucose level in living tissue are based on measuring the response of the tissue an electric field as well as temperature measurements. In order to improve accuracy, it has been found that measurements in at least three frequency ranges between 1 kHz and 200 kHz, 0.2 MHz an 100 MHz as well as above 1 GHz should be combined since the response of the tissue in these different frequency ranges is ruled by differing mechanisms.

Abstract: A device is described for measuring a parameter of living tissue, in particular a glucose level, which parameter affects a response of said tissue to an electric field. The device comprises a substrate (2), which carries a ground electrode (10) as well as a plurality of signal electrodes (12a, 12b, 13a-13c, 14). The gaps (15) between the ground electrode and the signal electrodes are filled with a solid filler material (16) in order to provide an even surface. Optical reflection detectors (23a, 23b, 23c) can also be located in these gaps in order to avoid field distortions and obtain a compact design. The backside of substrate (2) carries electronic high-frequency components for improving signal quality.

Abstract: A sensor device comprises a sensor (1) to be held against the wearer's skin. The sensor (1) is arranged on one side of a housing (2), and the housing is connected to a band (5) for mounting it to a body part, such as an arm or leg. Various stopper devices (10, 14, 20) are arranged on the side of the housing (2) and the band (5) that face the skin. The stopper devices improve static friction, thereby holding the housing (2) in place.

Abstract: A sensor device comprises a sensor (1) to be held against the wearer's skin. The sensor (1) is arranged on one side of a housing (2), and the housing is connected to a band (5) for mounting it to a body part, such as an arm or leg. Various stopper devices (10, 14, 20) are arranged on the side of the housing (2) and the band (5) that face the skin. The stopper devices improve static friction, thereby holding the housing (2) in place.

Abstract: A parameter affecting the absorptivity or the concentration of blood in tissue is measured using a semiconductor light source (7) and a light detector (8). The semiconductor light source (7) is operated at several operating conditions, at which it has different temperatures and therefore different emission spectra. In particular, the operating conditions correspond to different time intervals after switching the light source (7) on, while the light source (7) has not yet reached thermal equilibrium. This allows to perform a spectroscopic measurement using one light source only, which increases accuracy and reduces device cost.

Abstract: A method and device for determining the glucose level in living tissue are based on measuring the response of the tissue an electric field as well as temperature measurements. In order to improve accuracy, it has been found that measurements in at least three frequency ranges between 1 kHz and 200 kHz, 0.2 MHz an 100 MHz as well as above 1 GHz should be combined since the response of the tissue in these different frequency ranges is ruled by differing mechanisms.

Abstract: A device is described for measuring a parameter of living tissue, in particular a glucose level, which parameter affects a response of said tissue to an electric field. The device comprises a substrate (2), which carries a ground electrode (10) as well as a plurality of signal electrodes (12a, 12b, 13a-13c, 14). The gaps (15) between the ground electrode and the signal electrodes are filled with a solid filler material (16) in order to provide an even surface. Optical reflection detectors (23a, 23b, 23c) can also be located in these gaps in order to avoid field distortions and obtain a compact design. The backside of substrate (2) carries electronic high-frequency components for improving signal quality.

Abstract: The device measuring a parameter p that depends on the real and/or imaginary parts of the permittivity of body tissue operates at a frequency f where a temperature change affects the permittivity of free water only weakly. If the parameter p depends on the real part of the permittivity only, the frequency f should be between 6.2 and 10.1 GHz. If the parameter p depends on the imaginary part of the permittivity only, the frequency f should be between 25.5 and 36 GHz. If parameter p depends on the real and imaginary parts of the permittivity, the derivative of the parameter in respect to the real and imaginary parts of permittivity can be used to calculate an optimum frequency range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measurement of tissue properties, in particular glucose, by measuring the response of the tissue to an applied electric field. The tissue is modeled by a System of homogeneous layers. In one approach, a plurality of electrical fields are generated in the tissue at different frequencies. For each of the fields, a signal depending on the dielectric permittivity as seen by the electrode arrangement at the frequency is measured, thereby generating a measured dataset. In another approach the different electrode configurations can be used to achieve different penetration depths in the desired layers. A function is then fitted to the dataset by varying at least some parameters of the function. These parameters describe the dispersion of the dielectric permittivity of a plurality of layers in the tissue. At least part of the parameters obtained in this fitting procedure are then used for determining the desired tissue property.

Abstract: The apparatus for the non-invasive glucose detection comprises an electrical detection device (2) for measuring the response of the tissue or blood to an electric field at low frequencies below 1 MHz and at high frequencies above 10 MHz. The former is primarily dominated by skin hydration and sweat, while the latter contains contributions from the current glucose level. Combining the two signals allows an increased degree of accuracy. The apparatus further comprises a force or acceleration sensor (4, 5), which allows to detect the pressure of the apparatus against the skin and/or quick movements. Further sensor modules, such as a temperature sensor (6) or alternative perfusion sensor (7), improve the accuracy of the measured result.

Abstract: Devices for filtering fluids using dielectrophoresis are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for determining the dielectrophoretic response of particles under various chemical and physical conditions are disclosed.

Abstract: Devices for filtering fluids using dielectrophoresis are disclosed.