Abstract: An internal combustion engine protection system utilizes lubrication oil pressure to directly protect an engine against failure of the lubrication oil system. The protection system comprises a yieldable base member assembly that replaces the conventional fixed surface of a governor housing for resisting the governor centrifugal weights and high speed spring. The yieldable base member assembly comprises a cylinder and piston arrangement. Lubrication oil is directed to a chamber in the cylinder behind the piston. As long as the lubrication oil pressure maintains the desired value, the piston remains fixed and functions as the conventional fixed surface. Should lubrication oil pressure fall for any reason, the governor high speed spring and centrifugal weights force the piston to move in the cylinder. The high speed spring and centrifugal weights also move to actuate fuel control racks to an engine shut down condition.