Abstract: The subject invention is directed to metal working operations and, more particularly, to machining heat resistant super alloys (HRSAs) such as titanium alloys with polycrystalline diamond cutting inserts sintered on a carbide substrate. Using at least one cutting insert mounted upon a rotary toolholder and wherein the at least one cutting insert has a substrate with a top layer of PCD secured thereto over no less than 1/3 of a substrate top surface, a method of machining heat resistant super alloys (HRSAs) is made up of the steps of rotating the rotary toolholder such that an insert surface speed rate is above 50 meters per minute and adjusting a tool feed rate (advance per tooth per revolution) and/or radial engagement of the toolholder such that the machining operation produces chips having a thickness of approximately 0.050-0.200 millimeters.

Abstract: A pre-process simulation may calculate operating conditions of a machine tool by simulating a NC program and calculate predicted values indicative of the operating conditions. A real time monitoring system may compare actual values from the actual operation of a machine tool actually executing the NC program to the predicted values and determine whether to initiate a response. The operating conditions may be machine tool operating conditions. The comparison of actual values to predicted values may be based on a dynamic limit within which the predicted values fall which may vary based on the tool position, and the dynamic limit may include upper and lower limit boundaries.

Abstract: A pre-process simulation may calculate operating conditions of a machine tool by simulating a NC program and calculate predicted values indicative of the operating conditions. A real time monitoring system may compare actual values from the actual operation of a machine tool actually executing the NC program to the predicted values and determine whether to initiate a response. The operating conditions may be machine tool operating conditions. The comparison of actual values to predicted values may be based on a dynamic limit within which the predicted values fall which may vary based on the tool position, and the dynamic limit may include upper and lower limit boundaries.

Abstract: A pre-process simulation may calculate operating conditions of a machine tool by simulating a NC program and calculate predicted values indicative of the operating conditions. A real time monitoring system may compare actual values from the actual operation of a machine tool actually executing the NC program to the predicted values and determine whether to initiate a response. The operating conditions may be machine tool operating conditions. The comparison of actual values to predicted values may be based on a dynamic limit within which the predicted values fall which may vary based on the tool position, and the dynamic limit may include upper and lower limit boundaries.

Abstract: A method for performing a milling operation includes providing a milling cutter and a workpiece having an non-machined workpiece surface; receiving a set of milling cutter geometry parameters; creating a curvilinear profile from the workpiece surface; extracting a radius parameter from the curvilinear profile; determining an initial step-over value in response to the set of milling cutter geometry parameters; determining a surface roughness value in response to the set of milling cutter geometry parameters, the curvilinear profile of the workpiece surface, the radius parameter, and an initial tool inclination angle; determining a minimum surface roughness value in response to the cutter inclination angle value; and adjusting a calculated step-over value in response to the minimum surface roughness value where the calculated step-over value and the calculated inclination angle value are applied to operating the milling cutter.

Abstract: A method for performing a milling operation includes providing a milling cutter and a workpiece having an non-machined workpiece surface; receiving a set of milling cutter geometry parameters; creating a curvilinear profile from the workpiece surface; extracting a radius parameter from the curvilinear profile; determining an initial step-over value in response to the set of milling cutter geometry parameters; determining a surface roughness value in response to the set of milling cutter geometry parameters, the curvilinear profile of the workpiece surface, the radius parameter, and an initial tool inclination angle; determining a minimum surface roughness value in response to the cutter inclination angle value; and adjusting a calculated step-over value in response to the minimum surface roughness value where the calculated step-over value and the calculated inclination angle value are applied to operating the milling cutter.

Abstract: A side facing, multi-passenger aircraft divan assembly having a seat pan support assembly, with a front end, a rear end, a first side and a second side, and defining at least two passenger seating zones, a seat back assembly operatively coupled to the seat pan support assembly, and a base assembly extending downwardly from the seat pan support assembly into secure engagement with an underlying support surface of the aircraft. The adjacent passenger seating zones are spaced 27 inches from mid point to mid point of one another so as to prevent hazardous contact between passengers disposed in adjacent passenger seating zones during a longitudinally directed impact on the divan assembly.

Abstract: A side facing, multi-passenger aircraft divan assembly having a seat pan support assembly, with a front end, a rear end, a first side and a second side, and defining at least two passenger seating zones, a seat back assembly operatively coupled to the seat pan support assembly, and a base assembly extending downwardly from the seat pan support assembly into secure engagement with an underlying support surface of the aircraft. The adjacent passenger seating zones are spaced 27 inches from mid point to mid point of one another so as to prevent hazardous contact between passengers disposed in adjacent passenger seating zones during a longitudinally directed impact on the divan assembly.