Abstract: Light-emitting devices and related methods are described that involve spatially distributing the light emission from a primary light source such as a laser or LED before it is incident on the photoluminescent material. The photoluminescent material emits a secondary emission that may comprise visible light. Some variations of the light-emitting devices may utilize an optical waveguide to couple-in light from the primary light source and spatially distribute the coupled-in light in a controlled manner to pump the photoluminescent material. A variety of configurations for high efficiency light fixtures may be possible using the light-emitting devices and methods described herein.

Abstract: A method for forming multiple-component thin films using a separate ion cluster beam (ICB) source for each component. Stoichiometry control is provided by measuring the extraction currents across an acceleration voltage and controlling the component supply to the ICB source. The ion clusters are broken up into an atomic beam by microwave energy. If superconducting films are made, the atomic beams are passed through an oxygen plasma also generated by microwave energy to maximize oxygen incorporation into the thin film. The oxygenated atomic metal ion beams are focused onto a common substrate to form the multiple component thin film. Oxygen is kept away from the ICB sources by differential pumping seals.