Abstract: An apparatus comprising first and second circuit boards, and an antenna for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic signals, the first and second circuit boards each comprising an electrically conductive layer, and a capacitive element configured to be charged and discharged, the apparatus configured such that a chamber is defined between the first and second circuit boards with the capacitive elements contained therein and facing one another, the chamber containing an electrolyte, wherein the electrically conductive layer of the first circuit board is configured to serve as a reference ground for the antenna, and wherein discharge of the capacitive elements is configured to provide a flow of current to an amplifier configured to drive the antenna.

Abstract: An apparatus and method wherein the apparatus comprises; a sensor arrangement comprising a plurality of sensor cells wherein a sensor cell comprises a transistor and a sensor coupled to the transistor; first selection circuitry configured to sequence a subset of sensor cells to which a gate input signal is provided, wherein the gate input signal is provided to the gate of the transistors within the sensor cells; second selection circuitry configured to sequence a subset of sensor cells from which an output signal is received; sensing signal circuitry configured to provide a sensing signal, wherein the sensors are provided between the sensing signal circuitry and the second selection circuitry such that the output signal provides an indication of the impedance of the sensors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus wherein the method comprises: providing at least one electrode within a semiconductor layer wherein the semiconductor layer is provided on a first side of a wafer; thinning the wafer to produce a thinned wafer; providing graphene on a second side of the thinned wafer; attaching the semiconductor layer to an electrical interface on the first side of the thinned wafer; and providing at least one electrical connection from the graphene to the electrical interface so as to form a transistor comprising the at least one electrode and the graphene.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: a module; a substrate; and electrolyte between the module and the substrate, wherein an electronic component is formed between the module and the substrate and wherein the electrolyte is configured to function as the electrolyte in the electronic component and also as the adhesive to attach the module to the substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus wherein the method comprises: providing at least one electrode within a semiconductor layer wherein the semiconductor layer is provided on a first side of a wafer; thinning the wafer to produce a thinned wafer; providing graphene on a second side of the thinned wafer; attaching the semiconductor layer to an electrical interface on the first side of the thinned wafer; and providing at least one electrical connection from the graphene to the electrical interface so as to form a transistor comprising the at least one electrode and the graphene.

Abstract: An apparatus and method wherein the apparatus comprises;a sensor arrangement comprising a plurality of sensor cells wherein a sensor cell comprises a transistor and a sensor coupled to the transistor;first selection circuitry configured to sequence a subset of sensor cells to which a gate input signal is provided, wherein the gate input signal is provided to the gate of the transistors within the sensor cells; second selection circuitry configured to sequence a subset of sensor cells from which an output signal is received;sensing signal circuitry configured to provide a sensing signal, wherein the sensors are provided between the sensing signal circuitry and the second selection circuitry such that the output signal provides an indication of the impedance of the sensors.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: a module; a substrate; and electrolyte between the module and the substrate, wherein an electronic component is formed between the module and the substrate and wherein the electrolyte is configured to function as the electrolyte in the electronic component and also as the adhesive to attach the module to the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus with at least two electromagnetic radiation sensor cells that include graphene as an electromagnetic radiation absorbing material and electrical connections between the at least two sensor cells. The electrical connections are at least partially made of graphene.

Abstract: In some example embodiments, there may be provided an apparatus. The apparatus may include a chamber including a first cavity and a second cavity, wherein the chamber further includes a first fluid suspended in a second fluid; a first electrode adjacent to the first cavity; a second electrode adjacent to the second cavity; a third electrode configured to provide a common electrode to the first electrode and the second electrode; and at least one coil adjacent to at least one of the first cavity or the second cavity, wherein an inductance value of the coil is varied by at least applying a driving signal between the common electrode and the first electrode and/or the second electrode. Related methods, systems, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an enclosure and a cover comprising a shape-memory alloy is provided. The enclosure has at least one void that facilitates access to a component of the apparatus. The cover has at least an opened shape and closed shape, wherein the cover allows access to the component via the void in the opened shape and covers at least part of the void in the closed shape, wherein the cover transitions from the closed shape to the opened shape in response to the apparatus being accessed.

Abstract: An apparatus, the apparatus including first and second circuit boards, and an electrolyte, the first and second circuit boards each including a capacitive element, wherein the apparatus is configured such that a chamber is defined between the first and second circuit boards with the capacitive elements contained therein and facing one another, the chamber including the electrolyte, and wherein the apparatus is configured to store electrical charge when a potential difference is applied between the capacitive elements.

Abstract: In some example embodiments, there may be provided an apparatus. The apparatus may include a chamber including a first cavity and a second cavity, wherein the chamber further includes a first fluid suspended in a second fluid; a first electrode adjacent to the first cavity; a second electrode adjacent to the second cavity; a third electrode configured to provide a common electrode to the first electrode and the second electrode; and at least one coil adjacent to at least one of the first cavity or the second cavity, wherein an inductance value of the coil is varied by at least applying a driving signal between the common electrode and the first electrode and/or the second electrode. Related methods, systems, and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus including a layer of electrically conductive material with an open interconnected wall structure of electrically conductive material formed thereon, the open interconnected wall structure having a gyroid structure including one or more open pores into which an active material for use in generating and/or storing electrical charge can be deposited, wherein the layer of electrically conductive material and the open interconnected wall structure together form a charge collector which provides an electrical path from the active material for the generated and/or stored electrical charge.

Abstract: An apparatus, the apparatus including first and second circuit boards, and an electrolyte, the first and second circuit boards each including a capacitive element, wherein the apparatus is configured such that a chamber is defined between the first and second circuit boards with the capacitive elements contained therein and facing one another, the chamber including the electrolyte, and wherein the apparatus is configured to store electrical charge when a potential difference is applied between the capacitive elements.

Abstract: An electrode, the electrode including a conducting layer configured to act, in use, as a charge collector to provide an electrical path for generated and/or stored charge through the conducting layer; a barrier layer, the barrier layer configured to cover a portion of a surface of said conducting layer such that, when the electrode is in contact with an electrolyte, the electrolyte is prevented from substantially contacting and corroding the conducting layer at the covered portion; and an active electrode element configured for use in generation and/or storing charge, the active electrode element positioned in a non-covered portion in electrical contact with the conducting layer to prevent the electrolyte from substantially contacting and corroding the conducting layer in the non-covered portion and to also be exposed to said electrolyte to allow for the generation and/or storage of charge and provide the generated/stored charge to the conducting layer.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus is provided, including a photodetecting structure with one or more photon sensing layers of graphene; and an integrated graphene field effect transistor configured to function as a pre-amplifier for the photodetecting structure, where the graphene field effect transistor is vertically integrated to the photodetecting structure.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an enclosure and a cover comprising a shape-memory alloy is provided. The enclosure has at least one void that facilitates access to a component of the apparatus. The cover has at least an opened shape and closed shape, wherein the cover allows access to the component via the void in the opened shape and covers at least part of the void in the closed shape, wherein the cover transitions from the closed shape to the opened shape in response to the apparatus being accessed.

Abstract: An apparatus including a layer of electrically conductive material with an open interconnected wall structure of electrically conductive material formed thereon, the open interconnected wall structure having a gyroid structure including one or more open pores into which an active material for use in generating and/or storing electrical charge can be deposited, wherein the layer of electrically conductive material and the open interconnected wall structure together form a charge collector which provides an electrical path from the active material for the generated and/or stored electrical charge.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus comprising a first body comprising a first power source, and a second body comprising a second power source and a display, the second body is configured to move relative to the first body between a closed configuration and an open configuration via at least one intermediate configuration, and when the apparatus is in at least one of the open and closed configurations the first power source is configured to power the display, and when the apparatus is in the at least one intermediate configuration the second power source is configured to power the display.

Abstract: An electrode, the electrode including a conducting layer configured to act, in use, as a charge collector to provide an electrical path for generated and/or stored charge through the conducting layer; a barrier layer, the barrier layer configured to cover a portion of a surface of said conducting layer such that, when the electrode is in contact with an electrolyte, the electrolyte is prevented from substantially contacting and corroding the conducting layer at the covered portion; and an active electrode element configured for use in generation and/or storing charge, the active electrode element positioned in a non-covered portion in electrical contact with the conducting layer to prevent the electrolyte from substantially contacting and corroding the conducting layer in the non-covered portion and to also be exposed to said electrolyte to allow for the generation and/or storage of charge and provide the generated/stored charge to the conducting layer.