Abstract: In the field of high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission networks there is a need for an improved sensor failure detector. A sensor failure detector, for use in HVDC power transmission networks, includes an intelligent electronic device. The intelligent electronic device has a first input to receive in-use a number of first sample values from a first sensor measuring a given operational characteristic, and a second input to receive in-use a number of second sample values from a second sensor measuring the same given operational characteristic. The intelligent electronic device also includes a comparator module that is programmed to compare the first and second sample values with one another, and to establish a sensor failure when the first and second sample values differ from one another by more than a primary threshold for a predetermined first number of samples.

Abstract: A software system maintains a plurality of procedures in an infrastructure. The procedures include step by step instructions relating to assisting a user of the infrastructure. The system also provides a software tool via a user interface relating to the plurality of procedures. The software tool is configured to permit a user to create a procedure, to activate the procedure, and to publish the availability of the procedure.

Abstract: A seal arrangement includes a cylinder element, a piston which is accommodated in the cylinder element and can be driven to perform an axial reciprocating movement, and a sealing element for sealing a working space delimited by the piston and by the cylinder element, wherein the sealing element has a sealing side, a supporting side opposite the sealing side, a high-pressure side facing the working space to be sealed, and a low-pressure side facing away from the working space, and wherein the sealing side comprises at least one sealing lip formed by two converging sealing flanks of differing flank angles, wherein the sealing element is a component which is in the form of a single part, is composed of a standardized elastomer material, and has at least one marking for determining installation of the sealing element in the correct position.