Abstract: The method includes creating a self-learning system wherein, for each of numerous milling tasks, respective correction factors are determined for milling task specifications, and actual work effort is compared to estimated work effort which is based on sensed and recorded values for milling machine operating parameters and material parameters, the milling task specifications, and the corresponding correction factors. The correction factors are adjusted over time to account for determined deviations between actual and estimated work effort for a given combination of milling task specifications, machine operating parameters, and material parameters. During execution of a current milling task, respective correction factors are determined for milling task specifications, by reference to the self-learning system, and a work effort is estimated for the current milling task based on at least the correction factors.

Abstract: A base earth working machine is designed to accommodate a power system including a power apparatus configured to supply working energy for operating at least one of the consumers of the earth working machine. The base earth working machine includes: a first bearing interface, a first signal interface, and at least one working energy interface, wherein the power system has a first support device which supports the power apparatus, wherein the first support device has a first bearing counterpart interface for connecting to the base earth working machine, and wherein the power apparatus is mounted on the first support device by a connection of a power apparatus interface and a power apparatus counterpart interface.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of determining a resultant treatment plan for a proton radiation therapy system based on given dose volume constraints, wherein the resultant treatment plan is optimized for treatment time comprises accessing the dose volume constraints and range information, wherein the range information indicates acceptable deviations from the dose volume constraints. Based on the proton radiation therapy system, the method further comprises accessing machine configuration information comprising a plurality of machine parameters that define a maximum resolution achievable in irradiating a patient. Further, the method comprises iteratively adjusting the plurality of machine parameters to values which decrease the maximum resolution and simulating a plurality of candidate treatment plans to generate a plurality of treatment plan results, wherein each treatment plan result comprises: a respective treatment time and a respective plan quality.

Abstract: A self-propelled earth working machine (10) comprises a machine frame (14) and a traveling gear (12), wherein the traveling gear (12) comprises a plurality of rollable drive units (18, 22), wherein the machine frame (14) supports a working apparatus (28) for ground removal work, wherein the working apparatus (28) is accommodated on the machine frame (14) so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation (R), wherein the earth working machine (10) comprises an electric work drive (50) in order to drive the working apparatus (28) to perform a rotating working movement effecting the ground removal work, wherein the earth working machine (10) comprises an electrical energy source (56), which outputs electrical energy to the working apparatus (28) during the ground removal operation, and wherein the earth working machine (10) comprises a receiving configuration (42) for receiving a conveyor apparatus (40) for transporting removed ground material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating the effort of a planned milling task, which is performed or is to be performed using a road-milling machine, wherein task data are input into a processing device of a planning system, wherein the task data comprise at least one preset machine parameter (80.3), at least one material parameter (80.1), and at least one job parameter (80.2); to facilitate the planning of one or more construction sites for a construction site planner, in accordance with the invention provision may be made for the processing device to determine the estimation of the effort from the task data and taking into account a construction site factor (60) and/or a logistics factor (70).

Abstract: A self-propelled earth working machine includes a machine frame and a traveling gear, the traveling gear including drive units rollable on a contact subsurface of the earth working machine, the machine frame supporting a working apparatus, the earth working machine having as a main functional unit a work drive in order to drive the working apparatus to perform a work movement for earth working, and the earth working machine having at least one further functional unit, the earth working machine having a common power source, which provides both the energy for the work drive as well as the energy for the further functional unit. The common power source includes a common electrical supply switching device, to which every functional unit is connected in electrically conductive fashion, wherein the main functional unit includes an electric motor.

Abstract: A self-propelled construction machine comprises a machine frame, at least three travelling devices, at least one hydraulic drive system for driving at least two travelling devices, wherein the hydraulic drive system comprises at least one controllable hydraulic motor with variable displacement volume and at least one hydraulic pump, at least one working device (e.g. a milling drum), for working the ground pavement. A detection device detects fluctuations in the longitudinal speed of the construction machine during movement thereof, wherein a control unit alters the displacement volume of the at least one controllable hydraulic motor as a function of the detected fluctuations so that the natural frequency of the hydraulic drive system is altered, wherein the control unit adjusts the discharge volume of the pump as a function of the amount of adjustment of the displacement volume in such a fashion that the specified drive speed remains constant.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of determining a resultant treatment plan for a proton radiation therapy system based on given dose volume constraints, wherein the resultant treatment plan is optimized for treatment time comprises accessing the dose volume constraints and range information, wherein the range information indicates acceptable deviations from the dose volume constraints. Based on the proton radiation therapy system, the method further comprises accessing machine configuration information comprising a plurality of machine parameters that define a maximum resolution achievable in irradiating a patient. Further, the method comprises iteratively adjusting the plurality of machine parameters to values which decrease the maximum resolution and simulating a plurality of candidate treatment plans to generate a plurality of treatment plan results, wherein each treatment plan result comprises: a respective treatment time and a respective plan quality.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of determining a resultant treatment plan for a proton radiation therapy system based on given dose volume constraints, wherein the resultant treatment plan is optimized for treatment time comprises accessing the dose volume constraints and range information, wherein the range information indicates acceptable deviations from the dose volume constraints. Based on the proton radiation therapy system, the method further comprises accessing machine configuration information comprising a plurality of machine parameters that define a maximum resolution achievable in irradiating a patient. Further, the method comprises iteratively adjusting the plurality of machine parameters to values which decrease the maximum resolution and simulating a plurality of candidate treatment plans to generate a plurality of treatment plan results, wherein each treatment plan result comprises: a respective treatment time and a respective plan quality.

Abstract: In a self-propelled construction machine (1), in particular road milling machine, recycler, stabilizer or surface miner, comprising a machine frame (4), at least two travelling devices (2), at least one hydraulic drive system (50) for driving at least two travelling devices (2), at least one working device, in particular a milling drum (6), for working the ground pavement (3), it is provided for the following features to be achieved: a detection device (44, 60, 62) is provided which detects fluctuations in the longitudinal speed (vact) of the construction machine (1) during movement of the construction machine (1), wherein a control unit (38) controls the hydraulic drive system (50) as a function of the detected fluctuations in such a fashion that the drive speed (vdrive) for driving the travelling devices (2) specified by means of the hydraulic drive system (50) is continuously adjusted so that the detected fluctuations are reduced or compensated for.

Abstract: Multi-criteria optimization of radiation therapy tools for receiving a plurality of criteria including one or more sets of competing objectives. The competing objective can include delivery time criteria, fractionation criteria or similar time-based criteria. One or more radiation therapy plans can be determined based on a multi-criteria optimization of the plurality of criteria for the radiation therapy treatment. The one or more optimized radiation therapy plans can be output for consideration by one or more members of a radiation oncology team.

Abstract: A self-propelled construction machine comprises a machine frame, at least three travelling devices, at least one hydraulic drive system for driving at least two travelling devices, wherein the hydraulic drive system comprises at least one controllable hydraulic motor with variable displacement volume and at least one hydraulic pump, at least one working device (e.g. a milling drum), for working the ground pavement. A detection device detects fluctuations in the longitudinal speed of the construction machine during movement thereof, wherein a control unit alters the displacement volume of the at least one controllable hydraulic motor as a function of the detected fluctuations so that the natural frequency of the hydraulic drive system is altered, wherein the control unit adjusts the discharge volume of the pump as a function of the amount of adjustment of the displacement volume in such a fashion that the specified drive speed remains constant.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of determining a resultant treatment plan for a proton radiation therapy system based on given dose volume constraints, wherein the resultant treatment plan is optimized for treatment time comprises accessing the dose volume constraints and range information, wherein the range information indicates acceptable deviations from the dose volume constraints. Based on the proton radiation therapy system, the method further comprises accessing machine configuration information comprising a plurality of machine parameters that define a maximum resolution achievable in irradiating a patient. Further, the method comprises iteratively adjusting the plurality of machine parameters to values which decrease the maximum resolution and simulating a plurality of candidate treatment plans to generate a plurality of treatment plan results, wherein each treatment plan result comprises: a respective treatment time and a respective plan quality.

Abstract: To overcome the difficulties inherent in conventional proton therapy systems, new techniques are described herein for synchronizing the application of proton radiation with the periodic movement of a target area. In an embodiment, a method is provided that combines multiple rescans of a spot scanning proton beam while monitoring the periodic motion of the target area, and aligning the applications of the proton beam with parameters of the periodic motion. For example, the direction(s) and frequency of the periodic motion may be monitored, and the timing, dose rate, and/or scanning direction and spot sequence of the beam can be adjusted to align with phases in the periodic motion.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of determining a resultant treatment plan for a proton radiation therapy system based on given dose volume constraints, wherein the resultant treatment plan is optimized for treatment time comprises accessing the dose volume constraints and range information, wherein the range information indicates acceptable deviations from the dose volume constraints. Based on the proton radiation therapy system, the method further comprises accessing machine configuration information comprising a plurality of machine parameters that define a maximum resolution achievable in irradiating a patient. Further, the method comprises iteratively adjusting the plurality of machine parameters to values which decrease the maximum resolution and simulating a plurality of candidate treatment plans to generate a plurality of treatment plan results, wherein each treatment plan result comprises: a respective treatment time and a respective plan quality.

Abstract: Multi-criteria optimization of radiation therapy tools for receiving a plurality of criteria including one or more sets of competing objectives. The competing objective can include delivery time criteria, fractionation criteria or similar time-based criteria. One or more radiation therapy plans can be determined based on a multi-criteria optimization of the plurality of criteria for the radiation therapy treatment. The one or more optimized radiation therapy plans can be output for consideration by one or more members of a radiation oncology team.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of determining a resultant treatment plan for a proton radiation therapy system based on given dose volume constraints, wherein the resultant treatment plan is optimized for treatment time comprises accessing the dose volume constraints and range information, wherein the range information indicates acceptable deviations from the dose volume constraints. Based on the proton radiation therapy system, the method further comprises accessing machine configuration information comprising a plurality of machine parameters that define a maximum resolution achievable in irradiating a patient. Further, the method comprises iteratively adjusting the plurality of machine parameters to values which decrease the maximum resolution and simulating a plurality of candidate treatment plans to generate a plurality of treatment plan results, wherein each treatment plan result comprises: a respective treatment time and a respective plan quality.

Abstract: In a self-propelled construction machine (1), in particular road milling machine, recycler, stabilizer or surface miner, comprising a machine frame (4), at least two travelling devices (2), at least one hydraulic drive system (50) for driving at least two travelling devices (2), at least one working device, in particular a milling drum (6), for working the ground pavement (3), it is provided for the following features to be achieved: a detection device (44, 60, 62) is provided which detects fluctuations in the longitudinal speed (vact) of the construction machine (1) during movement of the construction machine (1), wherein a control unit (38) controls the hydraulic drive system (50) as a function of the detected fluctuations in such a fashion that the drive speed (vdrive) for driving the travelling devices (2) specified by means of the hydraulic drive system (50) is continuously adjusted so that the detected fluctuations are reduced or compensated for.

Abstract: Interference of dose application in scanned ion beam therapy and organ motion, also called interplay effect, may lead to dose deviations at target volumes. Current repainting methods are susceptible to artifacts due to a predominant scanning direction, ranging from fringed field edges to under and overdosed regions (hot and cold spots). To overcome the difficulties inherent in the repainting techniques of conventional proton therapy systems, new random repainting techniques are described herein for mitigating the under-dose and/or over-dose pattern inherent in existing repainting techniques using a random repainting approach that randomly selects spot locations within the target area.

Abstract: Interference of dose application in scanned ion beam therapy and organ motion, also called interplay effect, may lead to dose deviations at target volumes. Current repainting methods are susceptible to artifacts due to a predominant scanning direction, ranging from fringed field edges to under and overdosed regions (hot and cold spots). To overcome the difficulties inherent in the repainting techniques of conventional proton therapy systems, new random repainting techniques are described herein for mitigating the under-dose and/or over-dose pattern inherent in existing repainting techniques using a random repainting approach that randomly selects spot locations within the target area.