Abstract: A signal transponder for frequency conversion of signals from unknown signal sources is provided. The transponder includes an input for receiving a signal from an unknown signal source, an input filter for filtering the received signal, an input signal amplifier for amplifying the received signal, a mixer for converting the frequency of the amplified and filtered received signal to a predetermined frequency, a local oscillator for generating a clock signal supplied to the mixer for frequency conversion, an output filter for filtering the frequency converted signal, an output signal amplifier for amplifying the frequency converted signal, and an output for transmitting the filtered and amplified frequency converted signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a camera apparatus comprising a housing, a lens, a sensor acting as a focal plane, a piezo-element to displace the sensor, said piezo-element positioned to touch the sensor and connectors to make contact with the sensors. According to the disclosure, the lens is fixedly mounted to the housing. In a preferred embodiment, the focal plane is displaced by the piezo-element to adjust the focus.

Abstract: A display apparatus and methods including a display illuminating device and a device for controlling the display illuminating device according to the light intensity of luminous radiation occurring on the display. The light intensity is determined through the use of a light-sensitive element. The light-sensitive measuring element is directly integrated into the display, such as integrated into a COG display controller or COG display driver stage.