Abstract: The present invention relates to a shutter system operable between an open position, and a closed position operable to avoid unintended exposure of a surface to radiant flux, wherein said shutter system comprises at least one pair of shields, and an axis for each shield, wherein a first axis is connected to an end part of a first shield, and coincides with the turning axis of the first shield, wherein a second axis, in the shape of an angled arm, is connected to an end part of a second shield and the turning axis of the second shield is parallel to the turning axis of said first shield and is arranged at a distance from the second shield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shutter system operable between an open position, and a closed position operable to avoid unintended exposure of a surface to radiant flux, wherein said shutter system comprises at least one pair of shields, and an axis for each shield, wherein a first axis is connected to an end part of a first shield, and coincides with the turning axis of the first shield, wherein a second axis, in the shape of an angled arm, is connected to an end part of a second shield and the turning axis of the second shield is parallel to the turning axis of said first shield and is arranged at a distance from the second shield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal cutting tool insert with a coating comprising a metal oxide multilayer, which exhibits especially high resistance to plastic deformation as well as excellent resistance to flank and crater wear and high resistance to flaking, particular when used for machining of low carbon steel and stainless steel. The invention also relates to a method of making such a cutting tool insert.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for depositing a coating onto a substrate. The method comprises depositing by arc evaporation; depositing by dual magnetron sputtering; said depositing being performed in sequence or simultaneously.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert particularly for turning of steel comprising a body and a coating with a first (innermost) layer system of at least two layers of TiCxNyOz with x+y+z?1 with a total thickness of from about 0.7 to about 4.5 ?m, a second layer system to a large extent consisting of Al2O3 and an outermost layer system comprising one or several layers in sequence of TiCxNy (x+y?1) with individual thicknesses of greater than about 0.15 to about 0.8 ?m and a layer with Al2O3 with a thickness greater than about 0.1 to about 0.4 ?m with a total thickness of the outermost layer system thinner than about 2.5 ?m and a total thickness of the coating in the range of from about 2.0 to about 12.0 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for improving plasma activity in a magnetron sputtering reactor containing substrates to be coated where a primary plasma is created by a DC or AC voltage applied between the substrates and an additional electrode. Increased plasma activity is obtained by thermionic emission of electrons from a hot filament heated by either DC or AC current or combinations thereof. The device is particularly useful for increasing the adhesion of layers deposited by magnetron sputtering on cutting tool inserts made of cemented carbide, high speed steels, cermets, ceramics or cubic boron nitride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting tool insert particularly for turning of steel comprising a cemented carbide body, a coating with a post treatment with a first, innermost layer system of one or several layers of TiCxNyOz with x+y+z?1 with a total thickness of 0.7–4.5 ?m a second multilayer system consisting of a totally 5–31 alternating Al2O3 and TiCxNyOz (x+y+z?1), preferably ?-Al2O3 and TiN, the Al2O3-layers having an individual layer thickness of <0.5 ?m and the TiCxNyOz-layers 0.01–0.2 ?m with a total thickness of the multilayer of 1.0–4.0 ?m. The multilayer is exposed along the edge line and into the rake and flank face, at least 0.02 mm, from the edge line on the rake face, preferably the contact length of the chip at most 0.9 mm, and 0.02–0.20 mm on the flank face.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a metal cutting tool insert with a coating comprising a metal oxide multilayer, which exhibits especially high resistance to plastic deformation as well as excellent resistance to flank and crater wear and high resistance to flaking, particular when used for machining of low carbon steel and stainless steel. The invention also relates to a method of making such a cutting tool insert.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert particularly for turning of steel comprising a body and a coating with a first (innermost) layer system of at least two layers of TiCxNyOz with x+y+z?1 with a total thickness of from about 0.7 to about 4.5 ?m, a second layer system to a large extent consisting of Al2O3 and an outermost layer system comprising one or several layers in sequence of TiCxNy (x+y?1) with individual thicknesses of greater than about 0.15 to about 0.8 ?m and a layer with Al2O3 with a thickness greater than about 0.1 to about 0.4 ?m with a total thickness of the outermost layer system thinner than about 2.5 ?m and a total thickness of the coating in the range of from about 2.0 to about 12.0 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cutting tool insert particularly for turning of steel comprising a cemented carbide body, a coating with a post treatment with